SpringBoot?整合?ElasticSearch操作各種高級(jí)查詢搜索

更新時(shí)間：2022年06月01日 09:21:53 作者：鴨血粉絲Tang

這篇文章主要介紹了SpringBoot?整合?ES?進(jìn)行各種高級(jí)查詢搜索的實(shí)踐記錄,本文主要圍繞?SpringBoot?整合?ElasticSearch?進(jìn)行各種高級(jí)查詢的介紹，需要的朋友可以參考下

一、簡(jiǎn)介

在上篇? SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch??? 文章中，我們?cè)敿?xì)的介紹了 ElasticSearch 的索引和文檔的基本增刪改查的操作方法!

本文將重點(diǎn)介紹 ES 的各種高級(jí)查詢寫法和使用。

廢話不多說，直接上代碼!

二、代碼實(shí)踐

本文采用的SpringBoot版本號(hào)是2.1.0.RELEASE，服務(wù)端 es 的版本號(hào)是6.8.2，客戶端采用的是官方推薦的Elastic Java High Level Rest Client版本號(hào)是6.4.2，方便與SpringBoot的版本兼容。

es 最大的亮點(diǎn)就是查詢非常豐富，可以在上億的數(shù)據(jù)里面快速搜索出目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)，查詢?nèi)绻麑?shí)現(xiàn)呢?請(qǐng)看下文：

單條件精確查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 單條件精確查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search0() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "趙里"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

多條件精確查詢，取并集

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 多條件精確查詢，取并集
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search1() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "張", "陳"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

范圍查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;
    /**
     * 范圍查詢，包括from、to
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search2() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20).to(32));
        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

    /**
     * 范圍查詢，不包括from、to
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search3() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20,false).to(30, false));
        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

    /**
     * 范圍查詢, lt:小于，gt:大于
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search4() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lt(30).gt(20));
        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

模糊查詢，支持通配符

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 模糊查詢，支持通配符
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search5() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name","張三"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

不使用通配符的模糊查詢，左右匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 不使用通配符的模糊查詢，左右匹配
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search6() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("張三").field("name"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

多字段模糊查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 多字段模糊查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search7() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("長(zhǎng)", "name", "city"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

多字段模糊查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;
    /**
     * 分頁搜索
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search8() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .from(0).size(2);
        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

字段排序

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 排序，字段的類型必須是：integer、double、long或者keyword
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search9() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .sort("createTime", SortOrder.ASC);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

精確統(tǒng)計(jì)篩選文檔數(shù)

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 精確統(tǒng)計(jì)篩選文檔數(shù),查詢性能有所降低
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search10() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .trackTotalHits(true);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

設(shè)置源字段過濾返回

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 設(shè)置源字段過慮,第一個(gè)參數(shù)結(jié)果集包括哪些字段，第二個(gè)參數(shù)表示結(jié)果集不包括哪些字段
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search11() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .fetchSource(new String[]{"name","age","city","createTime"},new String[]{});

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

根據(jù) id 精確匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 根據(jù)id精確匹配
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search12() throws IOException {
        String[] ids = new String[]{"1","2"};
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("_id", ids));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

matchAllQuery 搜索全部

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * matchAllQuery搜索全部
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search21() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

match 搜索匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * match搜索匹配
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search22() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "張王"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

bool組合查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * bool組合查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search23() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "張王"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));
        builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

nested 類型嵌套查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * nested類型嵌套查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search24() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件查詢
        BoolQueryBuilder mainBool=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        mainBool.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "趙六"));

        //nested類型嵌套查詢
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.brand", "A"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.title", "巧克力"));
        NestedQueryBuilder nested = QueryBuilders.nestedQuery("products",boolQueryBuilder, ScoreMode.None);
        mainBool.must(nested);

        builder.query(mainBool);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

多條件查詢 + 排序 + 分頁

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 多條件查詢 + 排序 + 分頁
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search29() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "張王"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));
        builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);

        //結(jié)果集合分頁
        builder.from(0).size(2);

        //排序
        builder.sort("createTime",SortOrder.ASC);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-求和

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 sum
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search30() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-求平均值

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 avg
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search31() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-計(jì)數(shù)

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 count
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search32() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-分組

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 分組
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search33() throws IOException {
        // 創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.terms("tag_createTime").field("createTime")
                .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age")) //計(jì)數(shù)
                .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age")) //求和
                .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age")); //求平均值

        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //不輸出原始數(shù)據(jù)
        builder.size(0);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結(jié)果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

三、小結(jié)

本文主要圍繞 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 進(jìn)行各種高級(jí)查詢的介紹，在下篇文章中，我們會(huì)重點(diǎn)介紹 es 的性能調(diào)優(yōu)!

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