SpringBoot整合ES-Elasticsearch的實(shí)例
概述
本文介紹 Spring Boot 項(xiàng)目中整合 ElasticSearch 并實(shí)現(xiàn) CRUD 操作,包括分頁、滾動(dòng)等功能。
添加Maven依賴
<dependency> ? ? ? <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> ? ? ? <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency>
配置application.yml
spring: ? elasticsearch: ? ? rest: ? ? ? uris: 192.168.1.81:9200
創(chuàng)建索引對(duì)象
package com.practice.elkstudy.entity;
import cn.hutool.core.date.DateTime;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import java.util.Date;
/**
?* @Description : 文檔模型
?* @Version : V1.0.0
?* @Date : 2021/12/22 14:08
?*/
@Document(indexName = "article")
@Data
public class ArticleEntity {
? ? @Id
? ? private String id;
? ? private String title;
? ? private String content;
? ? private Integer userId;
? ? private Date createTime = DateTime.now();
}SpringBoot操作ES數(shù)據(jù)的三種方式
- 實(shí)現(xiàn)ElasticsearchRepository接口
- 引入ElasticsearchRestTemplate
- 引入ElasticsearchOperations
實(shí)現(xiàn)索引對(duì)應(yīng)的Repository
package com.practice.elkstudy.repository;
import com.practice.elkstudy.entity.ArticleEntity;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;
/**
?* @Description : article數(shù)據(jù)操作接口
?* @Version : V1.0.0
?* @Date : 2021/12/22 14:18
?*/
public interface ArticleRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<ArticleEntity,String> {
}文檔操作
下面可以使用這個(gè) ArticleRepository 來操作 ES 中的 Article 數(shù)據(jù)。
我們這里沒有手動(dòng)創(chuàng)建這個(gè) Article 對(duì)應(yīng)的索引,由 elasticsearch 默認(rèn)生成。
下面的接口,實(shí)現(xiàn)了 spring boot 中對(duì) es 數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行插入、更新、分頁查詢、滾動(dòng)查詢、刪除等操作??梢宰鳛橐粋€(gè)參考。
其中,使用了 Repository 來獲取、保存、刪除 ES 數(shù)據(jù);使用 ElasticsearchRestTemplate 或 ElasticsearchOperations 來進(jìn)行分頁/滾動(dòng)查詢。
文檔保存、查詢、刪除
package com.practice.elkstudy.controller.controller;
import com.practice.elkstudy.entity.ArticleEntity;
import com.practice.elkstudy.repository.ArticleRepository;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.Optional;
/**
* @Description : article控制類
* @Version : V1.0.0
* @Date : 2021/12/22 14:11
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/elk")
public class ArticleController {
@Resource
private ArticleRepository articleRepository;
/**
* 根據(jù)文檔id查詢數(shù)據(jù)
*
* @param id 文檔id
* @return 文檔詳情
*/
@GetMapping("/byId")
public String findById(@RequestParam String id) {
Optional<ArticleEntity> record = articleRepository.findById(id);
return record.toString();
}
/**
* 保存文檔信息
*
* @param article 文檔詳情
* @return 保存的文檔信息
*/
@PostMapping("/saveArticle")
public String saveArticle(@RequestBody ArticleEntity article) {
ArticleEntity result = articleRepository.save(article);
return result.toString();
}
@DeleteMapping("/deleteById")
public String deleteArticle(@RequestParam String id) {
articleRepository.deleteById(id);
return "success";
}
}
分頁查詢與滾動(dòng)查詢
package com.practice.elkstudy.controller.controller;
import com.practice.elkstudy.entity.ArticleEntity;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.BoolQueryBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchOperations;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.ElasticsearchRestTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.SearchHit;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.SearchHits;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.SearchHitsImpl;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.mapping.IndexCoordinates;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.core.query.NativeSearchQuery;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* @Description : article高級(jí)查詢
* @Version : V1.0.0
* @Date : 2021/12/22 15:10
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/elk")
public class ArticleAdvanceController {
@Autowired
private ElasticsearchRestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private ElasticsearchOperations operations;
/**
* 分頁查詢
*
* @param pageNum 頁碼,從0開始
* @param pageSize 分頁大小
* @return 查詢結(jié)果
*/
@GetMapping("/queryPage")
public String queryPage(@RequestParam int pageNum, @RequestParam int pageSize) {
NativeSearchQuery query = new NativeSearchQuery(new BoolQueryBuilder());
query.setPageable(PageRequest.of(pageNum, pageSize));
// 方法1
SearchHits<ArticleEntity> search = restTemplate.search(query, ArticleEntity.class);
// 方法2
// SearchHits<ArticleEntity> search = operations.search(query, ArticleEntity.class);
List<ArticleEntity> articles = search.getSearchHits().stream().map(SearchHit::getContent).collect(Collectors.toList());
return articles.toString();
}
/**
* 滾動(dòng)查詢
*
* @param scrollId 滾動(dòng)id
* @param pageSize 分頁大小
* @return 查詢結(jié)果
*/
@GetMapping(value = "/scrollQuery")
public String scroll(String scrollId, Integer pageSize) {
if (pageSize == null || pageSize <= 0) {
return "please input query page num";
}
NativeSearchQuery query = new NativeSearchQuery(new BoolQueryBuilder());
query.setPageable(PageRequest.of(0, pageSize));
SearchHits<ArticleEntity> searchHits;
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(scrollId) || scrollId.equals("0")) {
// 開啟一個(gè)滾動(dòng)查詢,設(shè)置該scroll上下文存在60s
// 同一個(gè)scroll上下文,只需要設(shè)置一次query(查詢條件)
searchHits = restTemplate.searchScrollStart(60000, query, ArticleEntity.class, IndexCoordinates.of("article"));
if (searchHits instanceof SearchHitsImpl) {
scrollId = ((SearchHitsImpl) searchHits).getScrollId();
}
} else {
// 繼續(xù)滾動(dòng)
searchHits = restTemplate.searchScrollContinue(scrollId, 60000, ArticleEntity.class, IndexCoordinates.of("article"));
}
List<ArticleEntity> articles = searchHits.getSearchHits().stream().map(SearchHit::getContent).collect(Collectors.toList());
if (articles.size() == 0) {
// 結(jié)束滾動(dòng)
restTemplate.searchScrollClear(Collections.singletonList(scrollId));
scrollId = null;
}
if (Objects.isNull(scrollId)) {
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>(2);
result.put("articles", articles.toString());
result.put("message", "已到末尾");
return result.toString();
} else {
Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
result.put("count", String.valueOf(searchHits.getTotalHits()));
result.put("pageSize", String.valueOf(articles.size()));
result.put("articles", articles.toString());
result.put("scrollId", scrollId);
return result.toString();
}
}
}
ES深度分頁 vs 滾動(dòng)查詢
之前遇到的一個(gè)問題,日志檢索的接口太慢了。
開始使用的是深度分頁,即1,2,3…10,這樣的分頁查詢,查詢條件較多(十多個(gè)參數(shù))、查詢數(shù)據(jù)量較大(單個(gè)日志索引約2億條數(shù)據(jù))。
分頁查詢速度慢的原因在于:ES的分頁查詢,如查詢第100頁數(shù)據(jù),每頁10條,是先從每個(gè)分區(qū)(shard,一個(gè)索引默認(rèn)是5個(gè)shard)中把命中的前100*10條數(shù)據(jù)查出來,然后協(xié)調(diào)節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行合并操作,最后給出100頁的數(shù)據(jù)。也就是說,實(shí)際被加載到內(nèi)存的數(shù)據(jù)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過理想情況。
這樣,索引分片數(shù)越多,查詢頁數(shù)越多,查詢速度就越慢。ES默認(rèn)的max_result_window是10000條,也就是正常情況下,用分頁查詢到10000條數(shù)據(jù)時(shí),就不會(huì)在返回下一頁數(shù)據(jù)了。
如果不需要進(jìn)行跳頁,比如直接查詢第100頁數(shù)據(jù),或者數(shù)據(jù)量非常大,那么可以考慮用scroll查詢。在scroll查詢下,第1次需要根據(jù)查詢參數(shù)開啟一個(gè)scroll上下文,設(shè)置上下文緩存時(shí)間。以后的滾動(dòng)只需要根據(jù)第一次返回的scrollId來進(jìn)行即可。
scroll只支持往下滾動(dòng),如果想要往前滾動(dòng),還可以根據(jù)scrollId緩存查詢結(jié)果,這樣就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)上下文滾動(dòng)查詢了一一就像大家經(jīng)常使用的淘寶商品檢索時(shí)上下滾動(dòng)一樣。
SpringBoot集成ES基本使用
#配置es #Liunx 上的ip地址和配置端口號(hào) spring.elasticsearch.rest.uris=192.168.113.129:9200
在test中測(cè)試
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.hzx.pojo.User;
import com.hzx.utils.ESconst;
import org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.delete.DeleteIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RequestOptions;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.CreateIndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.indices.GetIndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentType;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.TermQueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.builder.SearchSourceBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.subphase.FetchSourceContext;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;
@Test
void contextLoads() throws IOException {
//創(chuàng)建索引請(qǐng)求
CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("hong_index");
//客戶端執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 IndicesClient create創(chuàng)建請(qǐng)求 RequestOptions.DEFAULT默認(rèn)請(qǐng)求參數(shù)
CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取返回的參數(shù)
System.out.println(createIndexResponse);
}
@Test
void test2() throws IOException {
//獲取指定索引庫
GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("hong_index2");
//判斷獲取索引是否存在
boolean exists = client.indices().exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//如果索引存在就返回為true 或者 為false
System.out.println(exists);
}
@Test
void test3() throws IOException {
//刪除指定索引庫
DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("hong_index");
//獲取刪除索引
AcknowledgedResponse delete = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//檢查索引是否被刪除
System.out.println(delete.isAcknowledged());
}
//測(cè)試添加文檔
@Test
void test4() throws IOException {
//創(chuàng)建對(duì)象
User user = new User("棗信",18);
//創(chuàng)建索引庫
IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("hong_index");
//規(guī)則 為 put /hong_index/_doc/1
//創(chuàng)建的id
request.id("1");
//創(chuàng)建的時(shí)間
request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));
// request.timeout("1s");
//將數(shù)據(jù)放入到請(qǐng)求 JSON.toJSONString(user)將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為json
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);
//客戶端發(fā)送請(qǐng)求 向索引中添加數(shù)據(jù)
IndexResponse indices = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取返回的json對(duì)象
System.out.println(indices.toString());
//獲取發(fā)送請(qǐng)求的狀態(tài) 添加為CREATED 更新為OK
System.out.println(indices.status());
}
//獲取文檔信息
@Test
void test6() throws IOException {
//根據(jù)索引傳入的id獲取
GetRequest getRequest = new GetRequest("hong_index","1");
//通過get獲取信息
GetResponse getResponse = client.get(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//根據(jù)指定的Source獲取對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容
System.out.println(getResponse.getSourceAsString());
//打印json對(duì)象
System.out.println(getResponse);
}
//更新 修改信息
@Test
void test7() throws IOException {
//根據(jù)索引庫傳入的id更新
UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("hong_index","1");
//更新時(shí)間
updateRequest.timeout("1s");
//創(chuàng)建對(duì)象
User user = new User("李四", 26);
//更新 將對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換為json
updateRequest.doc(JSON.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);
//客戶端發(fā)送請(qǐng)求,進(jìn)行更新
UpdateResponse update = client.update(updateRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取更新狀態(tài)
System.out.println(update.status());
}
//刪除文檔信息
@Test
void test8() throws IOException {
//根據(jù)傳入的索引id進(jìn)行刪除
DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("hong_index","1");
//發(fā)送請(qǐng)求,刪除
DeleteResponse delete = client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取刪除的狀態(tài) 沒有刪除成功為NOT_FOUND 刪除成功為OK
System.out.println(delete.status());
}
//批量添加數(shù)據(jù)
@Test
void test9() throws IOException {
//創(chuàng)建批量添加
BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
//添加時(shí)間
bulkRequest.timeout("8s");
//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)arraylist集合
ArrayList<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
userList.add(new User("李四",19));
userList.add(new User("王五",25));
userList.add(new User("趙剛",30));
userList.add(new User("張三",21));
userList.add(new User("趙六",36));
userList.add(new User("小武",20));
//批量處理請(qǐng)求
for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) {
//批量更新和刪除 在這修改對(duì)應(yīng)的請(qǐng)求即可 不添加id(""+(i+1)) 會(huì)默認(rèn)隨機(jī)id,在大數(shù)據(jù)情況下,讓他默認(rèn)隨機(jī)id
bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("hong_index").id(""+(i+1)).source(JSON.toJSONString(userList.get(i)),XContentType.JSON));
}
//批量添加發(fā)送請(qǐng)求
BulkResponse bulk = client.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取批量添加的狀態(tài) 返回false代表添加成功
System.out.println(bulk.hasFailures());
}
//查詢索引信息
@Test
void test10() throws IOException {
//查詢
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(ESconst.ES_INDEX);
//構(gòu)建搜索條件
SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
//查詢條件,可以使用QueryBuilders工具來實(shí)現(xiàn)
// QueryBuilders.termQuery精確查詢
// QueryBuilders.matchQuery()查詢所有
TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "李四");
//查詢的時(shí)間
sourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
//將查詢的sourceBuilder放入searchRequest中
searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
//發(fā)送請(qǐng)求
SearchResponse search = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
//獲取信息
System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(search.getHits()));
//循環(huán)變量出信息
for(SearchHit documentFields : search.getHits().getHits()){
//獲取所有信息
System.out.println(documentFields.getSourceAsMap());
}
}
以上為個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn),希望能給大家一個(gè)參考,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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