pip3 install requests
>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('https://www.cnblogs.com')
>>> r = requests.post('https://www.cnblogs.com', data = {'key':'value'})
>>> r = requests.put('https://www.cnblogs.com', data = {'key':'value'})
>>> r = requests.delete('https://www.cnblogs.com')
>>> r = requests.head('https://www.cnblogs.com')
>>> r = requests.options('https://www.cnblogs.com')

import requests
response = requests.get('https://www.cnblogs.com/kermitjam/')
print(response.text)
print(respone.text)  # 響應(yīng)體轉(zhuǎn)成str
print(respone.content)  # 響應(yīng)體二進(jìn)制（圖片，視頻）
print(respone.status_code)  # 響應(yīng)狀態(tài)碼
print(respone.headers)  # 響應(yīng)頭
print(respone.cookies)  # 服務(wù)端返回的cookie
print(respone.cookies.get_dict())  # 轉(zhuǎn)成字典
print(respone.cookies.items())
print(respone.url)  # 當(dāng)次請(qǐng)求的地址
print(respone.history)  # 如果有重定向，放到一個(gè)列表中.查看上一次請(qǐng)求從哪里來(lái)。(圖片防盜鏈)
print(respone.encoding)  # 編碼方式
print(respone.iter_content())  # 視頻，圖片迭代取值
content-length   # 查看下載前文件大小
response.iter_content() # 視頻，圖片迭代取值
with open("a.mp4",'wb') as f:
    for line in response.iter_content():
        f.write(line)

# 方式一：會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)碼,不推薦
response = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%E7%BE%8E%E5%A5%B3')
# 方式二：推薦
response = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com/',params={'name':'美女','age':18})

respone = requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/',params={'name':'美女','age':18},
                   headers={
                       # 標(biāo)志，什么東西發(fā)出的請(qǐng)求，瀏覽器信息，django框架，從哪?。浚╩eta）
                       'User-Agent': 'request',
                       # 上一個(gè)頁(yè)面的地址，圖片防盜鏈
                       'Referer': 'xxx'
                   })
print(respone.status_code)

# 第一種方式
ret = requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/',params={'name':'美女','age':18},
                   headers={
                       'cookie': 'key3=value;key2=value',
                   })

# 第二種方式
ret = requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/',params={'name':'美女','age':18},
                   cookies={"islogin":"xxx"})
print(ret.status_code)

# data:urlencoded編碼
ret = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/', data={'name': "jeff", 'age': 18})
# data:json編碼
import json
data = json.dumps({'name': "jeff", 'age': 18})
ret = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/', json=data)
print(ret)
# 注意：編碼格式是請(qǐng)求頭中帶的，所以可以手動(dòng)修改，在headers中改

# session對(duì)象
session=requests.session()
# 跟requests.get/post用起來(lái)完全一樣，但是它處理了cookie
# 假設(shè)是一個(gè)登陸，并且成功
res = session.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/')
# # 再向該網(wǎng)站發(fā)請(qǐng)求，就是登陸狀態(tài)，不需要手動(dòng)攜帶cookie
res = session.get("http://127.0.0.1:8000/")
print(res)

# 加載回來(lái)的頁(yè)面，打印出來(lái)，亂碼（我們用的是utf8編碼），如果網(wǎng)站用gbk，
ret = requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/')
ret.encoding='gbk'  # 修改編碼
print(ret.apparent_encoding)  # 當(dāng)前頁(yè)面的編碼
# ret.encoding = ret.apparent_encoding
print(ret.encoding)
print(ret.apparent_encoding)

# 返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)，有可能是json格式，有可能是html格式
ret=requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/')
# print(type(ret.text))
# print(ret.text)
a=ret.json()
print(a['name'])
print(type(a))

ret = requests.get('https://www.pearvideo.com/', proxies={'http': '47.115.54.89'})
print(type(ret.text))
print(ret.text)

# 爬蟲(chóng)用的比較少，后臺(tái)寫(xiě)服務(wù)
file = {'myfile': open("1.txt", 'rb')}
ret = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/', files=file)
print(ret.content)