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JavaScript模擬實(shí)現(xiàn)新浪下拉菜單效果

更新時(shí)間：2022年03月09日 11:06:31 作者：一夕ξ

這篇文章主要為大家介紹了如何通過(guò)JavaScript模擬實(shí)現(xiàn)新浪的下拉菜單效果，文中的示例代碼講解詳細(xì)，感興趣的小伙伴可以動(dòng)手試一試

思考：首先在CSS布局上就出錯(cuò)了，導(dǎo)致后面設(shè)置JS時(shí)就有很大的問(wèn)題

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
 
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .nav {
            background-color: rgb(235, 225, 225);
            line-height: 30px;
            height: 30px;
            position: relative;
        }
        
        ul {
            margin: 0px 0px;
            padding: 0 0 0 0;
        }
        
        .nav1 li,
        .nav2 li,
        .nav3 li {
            display: block;
            padding-left: 10px;
            height: 20px;
            padding-top: 5px;
            padding-bottom: 5px;
            border: 1px solid orange;
            margin-top: -1px;
        }
        
        .nav1,
        .nav2,
        .nav3 {
            display: none
        }
        
        .nav1 {
            background-color: white;
            width: 80px;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0px;
            left: 0px
        }
        
        .nav2 {
            background-color: white;
            width: 100px;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0px;
            left: 80px
        }
        
        .nav3 {
            background-color: white;
            width: 120px;
            position: absolute;
            top: 0px;
            left: 160px
        }
        
        .nav div {
            width: 80px;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 30px;
            float: left
        }
        
        .tort {
            position: relative;
            left: 0px
        }
        
        .se {
            background-color: rgb(201, 192, 192);
            color: orange
        }
        
        ul li:hover {
            background-color: orange;
        }
    </style>
</head>
 
<body>
    <div class="nav">
        <div>微博</div>
        <div>博客</div>
        <div>郵箱</div>
    </div>
    <div class="tort">
        <div class="nav1">
            <ul>
                <li>私信</li>
                <li>評(píng)論</li>
                <li>@我</li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="nav2">
            <ul>
                <li>博客評(píng)論</li>
                <li>未讀提醒</li>
            </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="nav3">
            <ul>
                <li>免費(fèi)郵箱</li>
                <li>VIP郵箱</li>
                <li>企業(yè)郵箱</li>
                <li>新浪客戶郵箱</li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script>
        //獲得導(dǎo)航欄元素
        var nav = document.querySelector('.nav')
            //注冊(cè)下拉事件點(diǎn)擊的時(shí)候，對(duì)應(yīng)的下拉菜單就是顯示的（一一對(duì)應(yīng)）因此需要索引號(hào)
            //給na.children即下面的所有l(wèi)i設(shè)置自定義屬性
            //用不著，因?yàn)橄旅嫦吕藛味歼M(jìn)行了分別命名，但這樣就不能用循環(huán)了
        nav.children[0].setAttribute('data-index', '0')
        nav.children[1].setAttribute('data-index', '1')
        nav.children[2].setAttribute('data-index', '2')
        var nav1 = document.querySelector('.nav1')
        var nav2 = document.querySelector('.nav2')
        var nav3 = document.querySelector('.nav3')
            //獲取下拉菜單子元素
            //應(yīng)該用data-index來(lái)獲取
            // var tort = document.querySelector('.tort')
            // nav1.setAttribute('data-idn', '0')
            // nav2.setAttribute('data-idn', '1')
            // nav3.setAttribute('data-idn', '2')
 
        // var nn = 
        // console.log(nn)
        //添加事件
        for (var i = 0; i < nav.children.length; i++) {
            nav.children[i].onmouseover = function() {
                this.className = 'se'
            }
            nav.children[i].onmouseout = function() {
                    this.className = ''
                }
                //添加下拉菜單顯示屬性
 
        }
        // nav.children[0].onmouseover = function() {
        //     nav1.style.display = 'block'
        //     nav2.style.display = ''
        //     nav3.style.display = ''
        // }
        // nav.children[1].onmouseover = function() {
        //     nav2.style.display = 'block'
        //     nav1.style.display = ''
        //     nav3.style.display = ''
        // }
        // nav.children[2].onmouseover = function() {
        //     nav3.style.display = 'block'
        //     nav2.style.display = ''
        //     nav1.style.display = ''
        // }
    </script>
 
</body>
 
</html>

導(dǎo)航欄里面的li都要有鼠標(biāo)經(jīng)過(guò)的效果，所以需要循環(huán)注冊(cè)事件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
 
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .nav li {
            list-style: none;
        }
        
        .nav>li>a:hover {
            background-color: #eee;
        }
        
        .nav ul {
            display: block;
            position: absolute;
            top: 41px;
            left: 0px;
            width: 100%;
            border-left: 1px solid #fecc5b;
            border-right: 1px solid #fecc5b
        }
        
        .nav ul li {
            border-bottom: 1px solid #fecc5b;
        }
        
        .nav ul li a:hover {
            background-color: #fff5da;
        }
        
        .m1 {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0px;
            left: 0px;
        }
        
        .m1 {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0px;
            left: 20px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
 
<body>
    <ul class="nav">
        <li>
            <a href="#" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >微博</a>
            <ul class="m1">
                <li><a href="">私信</a>
                </li>
                <li><a href="">評(píng)論</a></li>
                <li><a href="">@我</a></li>
 
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li>
            <a href="#" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >微博</a>
            <ul>
                <li><a href="">私信</a>
                </li>
                <li><a href="">評(píng)論</a></li>
                <li><a href="">@我</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li>
            <a href="#" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >微博</a>
            <ul class="m1">
                <li><a href="">私信</a>
                </li>
                <li><a href="">評(píng)論</a></li>
                <li><a href="">@我</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
        <li>
            <a href="#" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >微博</a>
            <ul>
                <li><a href="">私信</a>
                </li>
                <li><a href="">評(píng)論</a></li>
                <li><a href="">@我</a></li>
            </ul>
        </li>
    </ul>
    <script>
        //獲取元素
        var nav = document.querySelector('.nav')
        var lis = nav.children
            //循環(huán)注冊(cè)事件
        for (var i = 0; i < lis.length; i++) {
            lis[i].onmouseover = function() {
                this.children[1].style.display = 'block'
 
            }
            lis[i].onmouseout = function() {
                this.children[1].style.display = ''
 
            }
        }
    </script>
</body>
 
</html>

未完成

注意用節(jié)點(diǎn)的方式獲取元素

總歸是完成了，對(duì)于js設(shè)置的時(shí)候，不太合理。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
 
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        li {
            list-style: none;
            height: 20px;
            line-height: 20px;
        }
        
        a {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black
        }
        
        .nav0,
        .nav1,
        .nav2 {
            position: relative;
            width: 80px;
            height: 82px;
            padding-left: 0px;
            float: left
        }
        
        .nav0>li,
        .nav1>li,
        .nav2>li {
            background-color: rgb(221, 216, 216);
            text-align: center;
        }
        
        .navv0,
        .navv1,
        .navv2 {
            position: absolute;
            top: 20px;
            left: 0px;
            border-top: 0px;
            padding-left: 0px;
            width: 80px;
            margin-top: -1px;
            display: none
        }
        
        .navv1 {
            width: 100px
        }
        
        .navv2 {
            width: 120px
        }
        
        .navv0 li,
        .navv1 li,
        .navv2 li {
            border-bottom: 1px solid orange;
            border-left: 1px solid orange;
            border-right: 1px solid rgb(240, 169, 28);
            padding-left: 5px
        }
        
        li:hover a {
            /* 注意改變的是鏈接里面的文字顏色 */
            color: orange
        }
        
        .nav0>li:hover,
        .nav1>li:hover,
        .nav2>li:hover {
            /* 冒號(hào)hover前面不要加空格 */
            background-color: rgb(138, 129, 129);
        }
        
        .navv0>li:hover,
        .navv1>li:hover,
        .navv2>li:hover {
            /* 冒號(hào)hover前面不要加空格 */
            background-color: rgb(236, 232, 203);
        }
    </style>
</head>
 
<body>
 
    <ul class="nav0">
        <li><a href="">微博</a></li>
        <ul class="navv0">
            <li><a href="">私信</a></li>
            <li><a href="">評(píng)論</a></li>
            <li><a href="">@我</a></li>
        </ul>
    </ul>
    <ul class="nav1">
        <li><a href="">博客</a></li>
        <ul class="navv1">
            <li><a href="">博客評(píng)論</a></li>
            <li><a href="">未讀提醒</a></li>
 
        </ul>
    </ul>
    <ul class="nav2">
        <li><a href="">郵箱</a></li>
        <ul class="navv2">
            <li><a href="">免費(fèi)郵箱</a></li>
            <li><a href="">VIP郵箱</a></li>
            <li><a href="">企業(yè)郵箱</a></li>
            <li><a href="">新浪客戶郵箱</a></li>
 
        </ul>
    </ul>
    <script>
        //鼠標(biāo)放在第一個(gè)大的nav中時(shí)，下拉欄就顯示,離開(kāi)第一個(gè)大nav時(shí)后，下拉菜單就不顯示，這需要對(duì)第一個(gè)nav的盒子大小有要求，需要?jiǎng)偤冒褍?nèi)容
        //獲取元素
        var nav0 = document.querySelector('.nav0')
        var navv0 = document.querySelector('.navv0')
            //這三部分一起使用才行，首先鼠標(biāo)放在nav里面的第一個(gè)導(dǎo)航欄里面，下來(lái)菜單需要出現(xiàn)，鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)在第一個(gè)下拉菜單時(shí)候，要保持出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)鼠標(biāo)離開(kāi)整個(gè)nav的時(shí)候，下拉菜單隱藏
        nav0.children[0].onmouseover = function() {
            navv0.style.display = 'block'
                // this.style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(211,211,211)' //沒(méi)必要這樣寫(xiě)，直接寫(xiě)hover屬性即可
                // this.style.color = 'red'
 
        }
        navv0.onmouseover = function() {
            navv0.style.display = 'block'
                // nav0.children[0].style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(211,211,211)'
        }
        nav0.onmouseout = function() {
                navv0.style.display = ''
                    // nav0.children[0].style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(221, 216, 216)'
            }
            // for (var i = 0; i < navv0.children; i++) {
            //     navv0.children[i].onmouseover = function() {
            //         console.log(11)
            //             // this.style.backgroundColor = 'orange'
            //     }
            // }
 
 
        var nav1 = document.querySelector('.nav1')
        var navv1 = document.querySelector('.navv1')
        nav1.children[0].onmouseover = function() {
            navv1.style.display = 'block'
                // this.style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(211,211,211)'
 
        }
        navv1.onmouseover = function() {
            navv1.style.display = 'block'
                // nav1.children[0].style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(211,211,211)'
        }
        nav1.onmouseout = function() {
            navv1.style.display = ''
                // nav1.children[0].style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(221, 216, 216)'
        }
 
        var nav2 = document.querySelector('.nav2')
        var navv2 = document.querySelector('.navv2')
        nav2.children[0].onmouseover = function() {
            navv2.style.display = 'block'
                // this.style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(211,211,211)'
 
        }
        navv2.onmouseover = function() {
            navv2.style.display = 'block'
                // nav1.children[0].style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(211,211,211)'
        }
        nav2.onmouseout = function() {
            navv2.style.display = ''
                // nav1.children[0].style.backgroundColor = 'rgb(221, 216, 216)'
        }
    </script>
</body>
 
</html>

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