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java中httpclient封裝post請求和get的請求實(shí)例

更新時(shí)間：2021年10月29日 08:44:29 作者：小碼哥(^_^)

這篇文章主要介紹了java中httpclient封裝post請求和get的請求實(shí)例，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對大家有所幫助。如有錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方，望不吝賜教

httpclient封裝post請求和get的請求

在我們程序員生涯中，經(jīng)常要復(fù)用代碼，所以我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成時(shí)常整理代碼的好習(xí)慣，以下是我之前封裝的

httpclient的post和get請求所用的代碼

package com.marco.common; 
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
 
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger; 
/**
 * @author 馬弦
 * @date 2017年10月23日 下午2:49
 * HttpClient工具類
 */
public class HttpUtil {
	
	private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(HttpUtil.class);
 
	/**
	 * get請求
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doGet(String url) {
        try {
        	HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //發(fā)送get請求
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
 
            /**請求發(fā)送成功，并得到響應(yīng)**/
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                /**讀取服務(wù)器返回過來的json字符串?dāng)?shù)據(jù)**/
                String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                
                return strResult;
            }
        } 
        catch (IOException e) {
        	e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        return null;
	}
	
	/**
	 * post請求(用于key-value格式的參數(shù))
	 * @param url
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doPost(String url, Map params){
		
		BufferedReader in = null;  
        try {  
            // 定義HttpClient  
            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
            // 實(shí)例化HTTP方法  
            HttpPost request = new HttpPost();  
            request.setURI(new URI(url));
            
            //設(shè)置參數(shù)
            List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); 
            for (Iterator iter = params.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
    			String name = (String) iter.next();
    			String value = String.valueOf(params.get(name));
    			nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(name, value));
    			
    			//System.out.println(name +"-"+value);
    		}
            request.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps,HTTP.UTF_8));
            
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);  
            int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if(code == 200){	//請求成功
            	in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity()  
                        .getContent(),"utf-8"));
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("");  
                String line = "";  
                String NL = System.getProperty("line.separator");  
                while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {  
                    sb.append(line + NL);  
                }
                
                in.close();  
                
                return sb.toString();
            }
            else{	//
            	System.out.println("狀態(tài)碼：" + code);
            	return null;
            }
        }
        catch(Exception e){
        	e.printStackTrace();
        	
        	return null;
        }
	}
	
	/**
	 * post請求（用于請求json格式的參數(shù)）
	 * @param url
	 * @param params
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String doPost(String url, String params) throws Exception {
		
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);// 創(chuàng)建httpPost   
    	httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json"); 
    	httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
    	String charSet = "UTF-8";
    	StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(params, charSet);
    	httpPost.setEntity(entity);        
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        
        try {
        	
        	response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            StatusLine status = response.getStatusLine();
            int state = status.getStatusCode();
            if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            	HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
            	String jsonString = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
            	return jsonString;
            }
            else{
				 logger.error("請求返回:"+state+"("+url+")");
			}
        }
        finally {
            if (response != null) {
                try {
                    response.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            try {
				httpclient.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
        }
        return null;
	}	
}

httpclient是一個(gè)非常常用的工具，在項(xiàng)目開發(fā)的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常需要請求第三方的接口，我整理好了這段代碼，以后回頭找的時(shí)候就方便啦！

HttpClient發(fā)送Get、Post請求的實(shí)踐

1. 配置及實(shí)例化HttpClient

private static final CloseableHttpClient httpclient;
	public static final String CHARSET = "UTF-8";		
	static{
		RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000).setSocketTimeout(3000).build();
		httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultRequestConfig(config).build();
	}

2. 發(fā)送Get請求方法

/**
	 * HTTP Get 獲取內(nèi)容
	 * @param url請求的url地址 ?之前的地址
	 * @param params請求的參數(shù)
	 * @param charset編碼格式
	 * @return 頁面內(nèi)容
	 */
	public static String sendGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException{		
		if(params !=null && !params.isEmpty()){			
			List<NameValuePair> pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());			
			for (String key :params.keySet()){
				pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
			}
			url +="?"+EntityUtils.toString(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs), CHARSET);
		}
		
		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
		CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
		int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		if(statusCode !=200){
			httpGet.abort();
			throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
		}
		HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String result = null;
        if (entity != null) {
            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
            response.close();
            return result;
        }else{
        	return null;
        }
	}

3. 發(fā)送Post請求方法

	/**
	 * HTTP Post 獲取內(nèi)容
	 * @param url請求的url地址 ?之前的地址
	 * @param params請求的參數(shù)
	 * @param charset編碼格式
	 * @return 頁面內(nèi)容
	 * @throws IOException 
	 * @throws ClientProtocolException 
	 */
 
	public static String sendPost(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { 
	        List<NameValuePair> pairs = null;
	        if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
	            pairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(params.size());
	            for (String key : params.keySet()) {
	                pairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key).toString()));
	        }
	        }
	        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
	        if (pairs != null && pairs.size() > 0) {
	            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairs, CHARSET));
	        }
	        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
	        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
	        if (statusCode != 200) {
	            httpPost.abort();
	            throw new RuntimeException("HttpClient,error status code :" + statusCode);
	        }
	        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
	        String result = null;
	        if (entity != null) {
	            result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
	            EntityUtils.consume(entity);
		        response.close();
		        return result;
	        }else{
	        	 return null;
	        }
	}

4. 編寫測試用例，進(jìn)行Get 、Post請求方法的測試

4.1 測試Get方法，e .g：

	@Test
	public void testGet() throws ParseException, UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException {
		String testUrl01 = "具體的測試接口地址";
		Map<String, Object> params01 = new HashMap<>();
		params01.put("參數(shù)01", "對應(yīng)的參數(shù)取值");
		params01.put("參數(shù)02", "對應(yīng)的參數(shù)取值");
		System.out.println(sendGet(testUrl01, params01));		
	}

4.2 測試Post方法，e.g：

@Test
	public void testPost() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {	
		String testUrl02 = "具體的測試接口地址";
		Map<String, Object> params02 = new HashMap<>();
		params02.put("參數(shù)01", "對應(yīng)的參數(shù)取值");
		params02.put("參數(shù)02", "對應(yīng)的參數(shù)取值");
		System.out.println(sendPost(testUrl02, params02));		
	}