Android獲取藍牙設備列表的方法

更新時間：2021年10月19日 17:17:10 作者：習作

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了Android獲取藍牙設備列表的方法，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

最近換了一家公司，主要內容是做關于移動端室內定位的相關sdk，剛進來的時候信心滿滿，誓要干出一番天地?。?！結果進來快一個多月了，根本沒輪到我施展拳腳，給我擱置在一旁自己弄自己的。行吧，既然是做室內定位的話那無非就是（gps，藍牙，wifi等）這些技術來實現嘛，然后我們就可以有本篇的切入點了：

android如何獲取藍牙設備了？

我們一步一步來分析，首先藍牙屬于一種短距離的無線通信技術，那作為我們android系統(tǒng)是否對此有過封裝了？答案那肯定是有了！

BluetoothAdapter

android提供的藍牙適配器，既然有了適配器，接下來我們獲取藍牙列表就有了一個切口。首先我們獲取藍牙列表之前，先需要獲取藍牙相關的權限，我們在AndroidManifest.xml里加入權限以下權限：

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

接下來我們在檢查設備是否有藍牙功能

bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {
   //通知用戶當前設備不具有藍牙功能
            return;
        }

如果bluetoothAdapter != null，我們再來檢查用戶是否開啟了藍牙功能

if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()){ //檢查是否開啟藍牙功能
     Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
     startActivity(intent); //跳轉到系統(tǒng)Activity，讓用戶選擇開啟藍牙功能
     bluetoothAdapter.enable();
     return;
}

通過BluetoothAdapter源碼我們可以看到該類下面定義了很多常量值

public static final String ACTION_CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.CONNECTION_STATE_CHANGED";
    public static final String ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.DISCOVERY_FINISHED";
    public static final String ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.DISCOVERY_STARTED";
    public static final String ACTION_LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.LOCAL_NAME_CHANGED";
    public static final String ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE";
    public static final String ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.REQUEST_ENABLE";
    public static final String ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.SCAN_MODE_CHANGED";

不難看出這些應該是適配器給我們配置的廣播標簽，那我們就根據這些狀態(tài)值來創(chuàng)建一個

BroadcastReceiver.class用來接收藍牙適配器給我們發(fā)送的消息

public class BlueToothBroadcast extends BroadcastReceiver {
 
    private List<String> blueToothList;
    private BlueToothListAdapter blueToothListAdapter;
    private List<String> stringList = new ArrayList<>;
 
    public BlueToothBroadcast(List<String> blueToothList，
BlueToothListAdapter blueToothListAdapter) {
        this.blueToothList = blueToothList;
        this.blueToothListAdapter= blueToothListAdapter;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        String action = intent.getAction();
         switch (action){
            case BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND:
                //收集藍牙信息
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                String mac = (device.getAddress().replace(":", ""));
                StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                stringBuilder.append("設備名稱:" + device.getName() + "\n");
                stringBuilder.append("mac地址:" + toLowerCase(mac, 0, mac.length()) + "\n");
                //用一個新的string集合去對比設備名稱和mac地址，不能拼接rssi和uuid后再去對比
                if (stringList.indexOf(stringBuilder.toString()) == -1) {
                    // 防止重復添加
                    stringList.add(stringBuilder.toString());
                    if (device.getName() != null) {
                        stringBuilder.append("rssi:" + intent.getExtras().getShort(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_RSSI) + "\n");
                        stringBuilder.append("Uuid:" + device.getUuids());
                        blueToothList.add(stringBuilder.toString()); // 獲取設備名稱和mac地址
                    }
                }
                Log.d("searchDevices", "onReceive str: " + blueToothList.toString());
                break;
            case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED:
                //正在掃描
                break;
            case BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED:
                blueToothListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                Toast.makeText(context, "掃描完成", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                break;
        }
    }
 
 
    //格式化mac地址
    public static String toLowerCase(String str, int beginIndex, int endIndex) {
        return str.replaceFirst(str.substring(beginIndex, endIndex),
                str.substring(beginIndex, endIndex)
                        .toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault()));
    }
}

接下來在activity中去注冊我們的廣播（記得在ondestroy中注銷廣播?。?/p>

// 注冊Receiver來獲取藍牙設備相關的結果
 broadcastReceiver = new BlueToothBroadcast(blueToothList,blueToothListAdapterr);
 IntentFilter intent = new IntentFilter();
        intent.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); // 用BroadcastReceiver來取得搜索結果
        intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_STARTED);
        intent.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
        registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver, intent);

最后一步，開啟藍牙發(fā)送廣播，然后在自己寫的適配器上把收集到的list加載上去，完事兒！

這套下來我們的藍牙設備列表就獲取完成了！快去試試

if (!bluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
            blueToothList.clear();
            addPairedDevice();//添加藍牙配對設備
            bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
 }
 
  private void addPairedDevice() {
        Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
        if (pairedDevices != null && pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
            for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                String mac = (device.getAddress().replace(":", ""));
                StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                stringBuilder.append(getString(R.string.device_name)).append(device.getName()).append("\n");
                stringBuilder.append(getString(R.string.mac_ip)).append(toLowerCase(mac, 0, mac.length())).append("\n");
                stringBuilder.append(getString(R.string.uuid)).append(Arrays.toString(device.getUuids()));
                blueToothList.add(stringBuilder.toString());
            }
        }
    }