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SpringBoot 圖形驗證碼的生成和校驗

更新時間：2021年05月27日 14:57:02 作者：盛夏溫暖流年

隨著系統(tǒng)和業(yè)務(wù)的不停升級，前后端代碼放在一起的項目越來越臃腫，已經(jīng)無法快速迭代和職責(zé)區(qū)分了，于是紛紛投入了前后端分離的懷抱，發(fā)現(xiàn)代碼和職責(zé)分離以后，開發(fā)效率越來越高了，但是以前的驗證碼登錄方案就要更改了。本文來看一下SpringBoot 圖形驗證碼的生成和校驗

1. 編寫工具類

package com.cn.beauty.util;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;

public class RandomValidateCodeUtil {
    public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "MEISHANG-LOGIN-RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY";//放到session中的key
    private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//隨機(jī)產(chǎn)生數(shù)字與字母組合的字符串
    private int width = 95;// 圖片寬
    private int height = 40;// 圖片高
    private int stringNum = 4;// 隨機(jī)產(chǎn)生字符數(shù)量
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RandomValidateCodeUtil.class);
    private Random random = new Random();

    /**
     * 獲得字體
     */
    private Font getFont() {
        return new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 18);
    }

    /**
     * 獲得顏色(粉色為主)
     */
    private Color getRandColor() {
        ArrayList<Color> colors = new ArrayList<Color>();
        colors.add(new Color(241, 158, 194));
        colors.add(new Color(255, 94, 226));
        colors.add(new Color(255, 156, 177));
        colors.add(new Color(245, 152, 217));
        colors.add(new Color(255, 85, 81));
        colors.add(new Color(245, 152, 251));
        int num = random.nextInt(6);
        return colors.get(num);
    }

    /**
     * 生成隨機(jī)圖片
     */
    public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        // BufferedImage類是具有緩沖區(qū)的Image類,Image類是用于描述圖像信息的類
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
        Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 產(chǎn)生Image對象的Graphics對象,改對象可以在圖像上進(jìn)行各種繪制操作
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);//圖片大小
        g.setFont(new Font("Wide Latin", Font.PLAIN, 18));//字體大小
        g.setColor(getRandColor());//字體顏色

        // 添加噪點
        float yawpRate = 0.01f;// 噪聲率
        int area = (int) (yawpRate * width * height);
        for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(width);
            int y = random.nextInt(height);
            image.setRGB(x, y, random.nextInt(255));
        }

        // 繪制隨機(jī)字符
        String randomString = "";
        for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) {
            randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i);
        }
        logger.info(randomString);
        //將生成的隨機(jī)字符串保存到session中
        session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY);
        session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString);
        g.dispose();
        try {
            // 將內(nèi)存中的圖片通過流動形式輸出到客戶端
            ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("將內(nèi)存中的圖片通過流動形式輸出到客戶端失敗>>>>   ", e);
        }

    }

    /**
     * 繪制字符串
     */
    private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {
        g.setFont(getFont());
        g.setColor(getRandColor());
        String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString
                .length())));
        randomString += rand;
        g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));
        g.drawString(rand, 20 * (i - 1) + 3, 25);
        return randomString;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取隨機(jī)的字符
     */
    public String getRandomString(int num) {
        return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num));
    }
}

2. 編寫 Controller 中的接口

	/**
	 * @description 生成驗證碼
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/user/getVerify")
	public void getVerify(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
	    try {
	        //設(shè)置相應(yīng)類型,告訴瀏覽器輸出的內(nèi)容為圖片
	        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
	        //設(shè)置響應(yīng)頭信息，告訴瀏覽器不要緩存此內(nèi)容
	        response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
	        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
	        response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);
	        RandomValidateCodeUtil randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCodeUtil();
	        //輸出驗證碼圖片方法
	        randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);
	    } catch (Exception e) {
	        log.error("獲取驗證碼失敗>>>>", e);
	    }
	}
	
	/**
	 * @description 校驗驗證碼
	 */
	@PostMapping("/user/checkVerify")
	public boolean checkVerify(@RequestParam String verifyInput, HttpSession session) {
	    try {
	        // 從session中獲取隨機(jī)數(shù)
	        String inputStr = verifyInput;
	        String random = (String) session.getAttribute("MEISHANG-LOGIN-RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY");
	        if (random == null) {
	            return false;
	        }
	        if (random.equalsIgnoreCase(inputStr)) {
	            return true;
	        } else {
	            return false;
	        }
	    } catch (Exception e) {
	        log.error("驗證碼校驗失敗", e);
	        return false;
	    }
	}

3. 獲取驗證碼圖片

訪問獲取驗證碼接口

http://127.0.0.1:8605/user/getVerify

效果如下

另一種方法

1.添加依賴

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
            <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

項目結(jié)構(gòu)

2.全部代碼

UserController

package com.yzm.config;

import java.util.HashMap;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.yzm.utils.Util;

@Controller
public class TestControler {
 
    @Resource
    private DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer;
    /**
     * 登錄驗證碼SessionKey
     */
    public static final String LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE = "login_validate_code";
    /**
     * 登錄驗證碼圖片
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = {"/loginValidateCode"})
    public void loginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        Util.validateCode(request,response,captchaProducer,LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE);
    }
 
    /**
     * 檢查驗證碼是否正確
     */
    @RequestMapping("/checkLoginValidateCode")
    @ResponseBody
    public HashMap checkLoginValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam("validateCode")String validateCode) {
        String loginValidateCode = request.getSession().getAttribute(LOGIN_VALIDATE_CODE).toString();
        HashMap<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        if(loginValidateCode == null){
            map.put("status",null);//驗證碼過期
        }else if(loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
            map.put("status",true);//驗證碼正確
        }else if(!loginValidateCode.equals(validateCode)){
            map.put("status",false);//驗證碼不正確
        }
        map.put("code",200);
        return map;
    }
}
package com.yzm.controller;

import java.util.Properties;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;

@Component
public class TestConfig {
 
    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha getDefaultKaptcha() {
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        // 圖片邊框
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "no");
        // 邊框顏色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "black");
        //邊框厚度
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.thickness", "1");
        // 圖片寬
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "200");
        // 圖片高
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "50");
        //圖片實現(xiàn)類
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.producer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha");
        //文本實現(xiàn)類
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultTextCreator");
        //文本集合，驗證碼值從此集合中獲取
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "01234567890");
        //驗證碼長度
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "4");
        //字體
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "宋體");
        //字體顏色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
        //文字間隔
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "5");
        //干擾實現(xiàn)類
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultNoise");
        //干擾顏色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.noise.color", "blue");
        //干擾圖片樣式
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.obscurificator.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple");
        //背景實現(xiàn)類
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultBackground");
        //背景顏色漸變，結(jié)束顏色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.clear.to", "white");
        //文字渲染器
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.word.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.text.impl.DefaultWordRenderer");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;
    }
 
}

Util

package com.yzm.utils;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;

public class Util {
     
    /**
     * 生成驗證碼圖片
     * @param request 設(shè)置session
     * @param response 轉(zhuǎn)成圖片
     * @param captchaProducer 生成圖片方法類
     * @param validateSessionKey session名稱
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void validateCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, DefaultKaptcha captchaProducer, String validateSessionKey) throws Exception{
        // Set to expire far in the past.
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        // Set standard HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers.
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate");
        // Set IE extended HTTP/1.1 no-cache headers (use addHeader).
        response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "post-check=0, pre-check=0");
        // Set standard HTTP/1.0 no-cache header.
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
 
        // return a jpeg
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
 
        // create the text for the image
        String capText = captchaProducer.createText();
 
        // store the text in the session
        request.getSession().setAttribute(validateSessionKey, capText);
 
        // create the image with the text
        BufferedImage bi = captchaProducer.createImage(capText);
 
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
 
        // write the data out
        ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", out);
        try {
            out.flush();
        } finally {
            out.close();
        }
    }
}

以上就是SpringBoot 圖形驗證碼的生成和校驗的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容，更多關(guān)于SpringBoot 驗證碼的生成和校驗的資料請關(guān)注腳本之家其它相關(guān)文章！

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