從零搭建SpringBoot2.X整合Redis框架的詳細(xì)教程

更新時間：2020年12月08日 15:21:03 作者：Java愛coding

這篇文章主要介紹了從零搭建SpringBoot2.X整合Redis框架的詳細(xì)教程,本文給大家介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或工作具有一定的參考借鑒價值，需要的朋友可以參考下

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好了，話不多說，我們開始吧，同樣的，還是建議能夠自己在自己的PC端實(shí)現(xiàn)一下
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一、使用Spring Initializr創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目web項(xiàng)目

1、File→New→Project

2、點(diǎn)擊Next如圖所示，命名好Group和Artifact

3、Next后如圖所示，勾選中需要的依賴，Spring Initializr會自動導(dǎo)入所需的starter

4、創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目成功后，pom.xml文件中的依賴如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.heny</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-redis</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>spring-boot-redis</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
			<version>2.1.1</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
					<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

5、在pom.xml文件中添加redis的starter

<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
	</dependency>

6、創(chuàng)建JavaBean用于封裝數(shù)據(jù)庫數(shù)據(jù)，需要實(shí)現(xiàn)Serializable

package com.henya.springboot.bean;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Employee implements Serializable{
	
	private Integer id;
	private String lastName;
	private String email;
	private Integer gender; //性別 1男 0女
	private Integer dId;
	
	
	public Employee() {
		super();
	}

	
	public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender, Integer dId) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.lastName = lastName;
		this.email = email;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.dId = dId;
	}
	
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	public Integer getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(Integer gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public Integer getdId() {
		return dId;
	}
	public void setdId(Integer dId) {
		this.dId = dId;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email=" + email + ", gender=" + gender + ", dId="
				+ dId + "]";
	}
}

注意：
在寫JavaBean對象時需要實(shí)現(xiàn)Serializable接口否則會報以下錯誤：

Cannot deserialize; nested exception is org.springframework.core.serializer.support.SerializationFailedException

7、整合Mybatis操作數(shù)據(jù)庫，在application.properties配置文件中配置數(shù)據(jù)源信息

#serverTimezone用于指定時區(qū)，不然會報錯
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cache?serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456

# 開啟駝峰命名法規(guī)則
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true
#日志級別
logging.level.com.henya.springboot.mapper=debug

8、使用注解版Mybatis創(chuàng)建Mapper

package com.henya.springboot.mapper;


import com.henya.springboot.bean.Employee;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

@Mapper
public interface EmployeeMapper {

 @Select("SELECT * FROM employee WHERE id=#{id}")
 public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);

 @Update("UPDATE employee SET lastName=#{lastName},email=#{email},gender=#{gender},d_id=#{dId} WHERE id=#{id}")
 public void updateEmp(Employee employee);

 @Delete("DELETE FROM emlpoyee WHERE id=#{id}")
 public void delEmpById(Integer id);

 @Insert("INSERT INTO employee(lastName, email, gender, d_id) VALUES (#{lastName}, #{email}, #{gender}, #{dId})")
 public Employee insertEmp(Employee employee);

 @Select("SELECT * FROM employee WHERE lastName=#{lastName}")
 public Employee getEmpByLastName(String lastName);
}

注意：
需要使用使用@MapperScan注解掃描Mapper所在的接口，只需要加在主程序類上即可。除此之外，還要使用@EnableCaching用于開啟緩存。

@MapperScan("com.henya.springboot.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching //開啟緩存
public class SpringBootRedisApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringBootRedisApplication.class, args);
	}
}

9、編寫Service類，用于訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫或redis緩存

package com.henya.springboot.service;
import com.henya.springboot.bean.Employee;
import com.henya.springboot.mapper.EmployeeMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@CacheConfig(cacheNames = "emp") //抽取緩存的公共配置
@Service
public class EmployeeService {
 @Autowired
 EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;

 /**
 * @param id
 * @return
 */
 @Cacheable(cacheNames = {"emp"},keyGenerator = "myKeyGenerator")
 public Employee getEmpById(Integer id) {
 System.err.println("開始查詢"+ id +"號員工");
 Employee employee = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
 return employee;
 }

 /**
 * @CachePut：既調(diào)用方法（這個方法必須要執(zhí)行），又更新緩存數(shù)據(jù)
 * @param employee
 * @return
 */
 @CachePut(value = "emp",key = "#result.id")
 public Employee updateEmp(Employee employee){
 System.err.println("開始更新" + employee.getId() + "號員工");
 employeeMapper.updateEmp(employee);
 return employee;
 }

 /**
 * @CacheEvict：緩存清除
 * @param id
 */
 @CacheEvict(value = "emp",beforeInvocation = true)
 public void deleteEmp(Integer id){
 System.err.println("刪除" + id + "員工");
 int i = 10/0;
 }

10、編寫Controller類

package com.henya.springboot.controller;


import com.henya.springboot.bean.Employee;
import com.henya.springboot.service.EmployeeService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author：HenYa
 * @CreatTime：2019/12/1 12:44
 */
@RestController
public class EmployeeController {
 @Autowired
 EmployeeService employeeService;

 @GetMapping("/emp/{id}")
 public Employee getEmpById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
 Employee employee = employeeService.getEmpById(id);
 return employee;
 }

 @GetMapping("/emp")
 public Employee updateEmp(Employee employee){
 Employee emp = employeeService.updateEmp(employee);
 return emp;
 }
}

二、測試SpringBoot整合Redis是否成功

1、在瀏覽器訪問，也可以使用測試類，筆者使用了瀏覽器訪問http://localhost:8080/emp/1進(jìn)行測試，初次訪問時，控制臺會提示開始查詢1號員工，如圖所示。

2、再次訪問時，控制臺并沒有sql日志，如圖所示。

3、此時使用RedisDesktopManager工具查看redis時有數(shù)據(jù)，并且cacheName為emp，如圖所示

只是emp對象被序列化了。查看源碼可知Redis默認(rèn)使用Jdk進(jìn)行序列化。

static RedisSerializer<Object> java(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
 return new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer(classLoader);
 }

查看RedisSerializer接口的實(shí)現(xiàn)有以下幾種：

我們常用的就是以json的格式進(jìn)行序列化。但是需要自定義RedisCacheManager。

三、自定義RedisCacheManager

package com.henya.springboot.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheWriter;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializer;

/**
 * @Description:
 * @Author：HenYa
 * @CreatTime：2019/12/6 20:50
 */
@Configuration
public class MyRedisConfig {
 @Bean
 public RedisCacheManager empCacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
 //RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager = new RedisCacheManager(redisConnectionFactory);
 RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory);

 RedisSerializer<Object> redisSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();

 RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair<Object> pair = RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(redisSerializer);
 RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().serializeValuesWith(pair);
 // 默認(rèn)會將CacheName作為key的前綴
 return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, redisCacheConfiguration);
 }
 }

此時，Redis中緩存數(shù)據(jù)就以Json的格式進(jìn)行序列化，如圖所示。