CentOS8下MySQL 8.0安裝部署的方法
更新時(shí)間：2020年11月04日 14:20:53 作者：寰宇001
這篇文章主要介紹了CentOS 8下 MySQL 8.0 安裝部署的方法，文中通過(guò)示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來(lái)一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧
MySQL 8正式版8.0.11已發(fā)布，官方表示MySQL8要比MySQL 5.7快2倍，還帶來(lái)了大量的改進(jìn)和更快的性能！到底誰(shuí)最牛呢？請(qǐng)看：MySQL 5.7 vs 8.0，哪個(gè)性能更牛？
Mysql8.0安裝 (YUM方式)
1、首先刪除系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)或之前可能安裝的其他版本的mysql
# for i in $(rpm -qa|grep mysql);do rpm -e $i --nodeps;done # rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
2、安裝Mysql8.0 的yum資源庫(kù)
mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm # yum localinstall https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
3、安裝Mysql8.0
# yum install mysql-community-server #啟動(dòng)MySQL服務(wù)器和MySQL的自動(dòng)啟動(dòng) # systemctl start mysqld # systemctl enable mysqld # systemctl status mysqld
[root@localhost opt]# netstat -lantp | grep 3306 tcp6 0 0 :::33060 :::* LISTEN 25431/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 25431/mysqld [root@localhost opt]# ps -aux | grep mysqld mysql 25431 0.8 17.2 1776932 350232 ? Ssl 16:24 0:01 /usr/sbin/mysqld root 25672 0.0 0.0 112828 980 pts/1 S+ 16:28 0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
登錄報(bào)錯(cuò)
跳過(guò)密碼登錄，添加skip-grant-tables，然后重啟MySQL服務(wù)。
[root@localhost opt]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] skip-grant-tables [root@localhost opt]# systemctl restart mysqld [root@localhost opt]# mysql
用sql來(lái)修改root的密碼
進(jìn)入到終端當(dāng)中，敲入 mysql -u root -p 命令然后回車，當(dāng)需要輸入密碼時(shí)，直接按enter鍵，便可以不用密碼登錄到數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)當(dāng)中
mysql> update user set password=password("你的新密碼") where user="root";
或者
mysql> set password for 'username'@'host' = password('newpassword')
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
注意
set password for ‘username'@‘host' = password(‘newpassword') 命令修改新的密碼。
如果在執(zhí)行該步驟的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement 錯(cuò)誤。則執(zhí)行下 flush privileges 命令，再執(zhí)行該命令即可。
注意：如果在執(zhí)行該步驟的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement 錯(cuò)誤。則執(zhí)行下 flush privileges 命令，再執(zhí)行該命令即可。
4、使用默認(rèn)密碼初次登錄后, 必須要重置密碼
查看默認(rèn)密碼, 如下默認(rèn)密碼為"e53xDalx.*dE" [root@DB-node01 ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log 2019-03-06T01:53:19.897262Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: e53xDalx.*dE [root@DB-node01 ~]# mysql -pe53xDalx.*dE ............ mysql> select version(); ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
報(bào)錯(cuò)提示必須要重置初始密碼, 下面開(kāi)始重置mysql登錄密碼（注意要切換到mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，使用use mysql）
mysql> use mysql; ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
這個(gè)其實(shí)與validate_password_policy的值有關(guān), mysql8.0更改了validate_password_policy相關(guān)的配置名稱, 這跟Mysql5.7有點(diǎn)不一樣了.
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.length=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
接著再修改密碼
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
退出, 重新使用新密碼登錄mysql
# mysql -p123456 ........... mysql> select version(); +-----------+ | version() | +-----------+ | 8.0.15 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看服務(wù)端口
mysql> show global variables like 'port'; +---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | port | 3306 | +---------------+-------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
查看mysql連接的授權(quán)信息
mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user; ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'
上面這是mysql5.6及以下版本的查看命令, mysql5.7之后的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里mysql.user表里已經(jīng)沒(méi)有password這個(gè)字段了，password字段改成了authentication_string。
mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user;
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| host | user | authentication_string |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| localhost | root | $A$005${7J0=4Dc7Jym8eI/FU4jimKWFvkD9XmoAkF1ca5.Un0bc6zgmPtU.0 |
+-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql8.0修改用戶密碼命令
mysql> use mysql; mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; mysql> flush privileges;
Mysql8.0安裝 (二進(jìn)制方式)
1、首先刪除系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)或之前可能安裝的其他版本的mysql
[root@mysql8-node ~]# for i in $(rpm -qa|grep mysql);do rpm -e $i --nodeps;done [root@mysql8-node ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql && rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
2、安裝需要的軟件包
[root@mysql8-node ~]# yum -y install libaio [root@mysql8-node ~]# yum -y install net-tools
3、下載并安裝Mysql8.0.12
[root@mysql8-node ~]# groupadd mysql [root@mysql8-node ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql [root@mysql8-node ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@mysql-node src]# ll -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 620389228 Aug 22 2018 mysql8.0.12_bin_centos7.tar.gz [root@mysql-node src]# tar -zvxf mysql8.0.12_bin_centos7.tar.gz [root@mysql-node src]# mv mysql /usr/local/ [root@mysql-node src]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql [root@mysql-node src]# vim /home/mysql/.bash_profile export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH [root@mysql-node src]# source /home/mysql/.bash_profile [root@mysql-node src]# echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile [root@mysql-node src]# source /etc/profile
4、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)目錄
[root@mysql-node src]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,log,binlog,conf,tmp}
[root@mysql-node src]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
5、配置mysql
[root@mysql-node src]# su - mysql [mysql@mysql-node ~]$ vim /data/mysql/conf/my.cnf [mysqld] lower_case_table_names = 1 user = mysql server_id = 1 port = 3306 default-time-zone = '+08:00' enforce_gtid_consistency = ON gtid_mode = ON binlog_checksum = none default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password datadir = /data/mysql/data pid-file = /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid socket = /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp/ skip-name-resolve = ON open_files_limit = 65535 table_open_cache = 2000 #################innodb######################## innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/data innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:512M;ibdata2:512M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_size = 12000M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_io_capacity = 600 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_log_file_size = 200M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 85 innodb_read_io_threads = 8 innodb_write_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 32 innodb_file_per_table innodb_rollback_on_timeout innodb_undo_directory = /data/mysql/data innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/data ###################session########################### join_buffer_size = 8M key_buffer_size = 256M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 8M max_heap_table_size = 96M tmp_table_size = 96M read_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 2M max_allowed_packet = 64M read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M ############log set################### log-error = /data/mysql/log/mysqld.err log-bin = /data/mysql/binlog/binlog log_bin_index = /data/mysql/binlog/binlog.index max_binlog_size = 500M slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/log/slow.log slow_query_log = 1 long_query_time = 10 log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10 log_slow_admin_statements = ON log_output = FILE,TABLE master_info_file = /data/mysql/binlog/master.info
6、初始化 (稍等一會(huì)兒, 可以到/data/mysql/log/mysqld.err日子里查看初始化過(guò)程, 看看有沒(méi)有error信息)
[mysql@mysql-node ~]$ mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
7、啟動(dòng)mysqld
[mysql@mysql-node ~]$ mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf & [mysql@mysql-node ~]$ lsof -i:3306 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mysqld 24743 mysql 23u IPv6 23132988 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
8、登錄mysql, 重置密碼
本地首次使用sock文件登錄mysql是不需要密碼的 [mysql@mysql-node ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock ............. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
退出, 此時(shí)密碼重置后, 就不能使用sock文件無(wú)密碼登錄了
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) [root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -p123456 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
做sock文件的軟鏈接
[root@mysql-node ~]# ln -s /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
登錄
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -p123456 或者 [root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -uroot -S /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock -p123456 ............. mysql> select version(); +-----------+ | version() | +-----------+ | 8.0.12 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) #授予用戶權(quán)限. 必須先要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建用戶, 才能授權(quán)!! (創(chuàng)建用戶時(shí)要帶@并指定地址, 則grant授權(quán)時(shí)的地址就是這個(gè)@后面指定的!, 否則grant授權(quán)就會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)!) mysql> create user 'kevin'@'%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'kevin'@'%' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.21 sec) mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | % | kevin | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update mysql.user set host='172.16.60.%' where user="kevin"; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.16 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 172.16.60.% | kevin | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create user 'bobo'@'172.16.60.%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'bobo'@'172.16.60.%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 172.16.60.% | bobo | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | 172.16.60.% | kevin | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 | +-------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for kevin@'172.16.60.%'; +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for kevin@172.16.60.% | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, RELOAD, SHUTDOWN, PROCESS, FILE, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, SHOW DATABASES, SUPER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE USER, EVENT, TRIGGER, CREATE TABLESPACE, CREATE ROLE, DROP ROLE ON *.* TO `kevin`@`172.16.60.%` WITH GRANT OPTION | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL單機(jī)多實(shí)例安裝配置
通過(guò)上面二進(jìn)制部署可知, 已經(jīng)起來(lái)一個(gè)3306端口的MySQL實(shí)例, 現(xiàn)在需要再起來(lái)兩個(gè)實(shí)例, 分別為3307, 3308. 操作如下:
創(chuàng)建實(shí)例的數(shù)據(jù)目錄
[root@mysql-node ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql3307/{data,log,binlog,conf,tmp}
[root@mysql-node ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql3308/{data,log,binlog,conf,tmp}
[root@mysql-node ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql3307
[root@mysql-node ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql3308
配置mysql
[root@mysql-node ~]# cp -r /data/mysql/conf/my.cnf /data/mysql3307/conf/ [root@mysql-node ~]# cp -r /data/mysql/conf/my.cnf /data/mysql3308/conf/ [root@mysql-node ~]# sed -i 's#/data/mysql/#/data/mysql3307/#g' /data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf [root@mysql-node ~]# sed -i 's#/data/mysql/#/data/mysql3308/#g' /data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf [root@mysql-node ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3307/g' /data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf [root@mysql-node ~]# sed -i 's/3306/3308/g' /data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf [root@mysql-node ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql*
進(jìn)行初始化兩個(gè)實(shí)例
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql [root@mysql-node ~]# mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
接著啟動(dòng)mysqld
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf & [root@mysql-node ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf &
查看啟動(dòng)是否成功
[root@mysql-node ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql mysql 23996 1 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf mysql 24743 23996 0 14:38 ? 00:00:17 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.err --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid --socket=/data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock --port=3306 root 30473 23727 0 15:33 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf mysql 31191 30473 17 15:33 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3307/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql3307/log/mysqld.err --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql3307/tmp/mysqld.pid --socket=/data/mysql3307/tmp/mysqld.sock --port=3307 root 31254 23727 0 15:33 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf mysql 31977 31254 39 15:33 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3308/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql3308/log/mysqld.err --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql3308/tmp/mysqld.pid --socket=/data/mysql3308/tmp/mysqld.sock --port=3308 root 32044 23727 0 15:34 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql [root@mysql-node ~]# lsof -i:3307 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mysqld 31191 mysql 22u IPv6 23144844 0t0 TCP *:opsession-prxy (LISTEN) [root@mysql-node ~]# lsof -i:3308 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mysqld 31977 mysql 22u IPv6 23145727 0t0 TCP *:tns-server (LISTEN) [root@mysql-node ~]# lsof -i:3306 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mysqld 24743 mysql 23u IPv6 23132988 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
登錄3307端口實(shí)例, 并設(shè)置密碼
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql3307/tmp/mysqld.sock ............ mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
退出, 使用新密碼登錄
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -uroot -S /data/mysql3307/tmp/mysqld.sock -p123456 ............. mysql>
同理, 登錄3308端口實(shí)例, 并設(shè)置密碼
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -S /data/mysql3308/tmp/mysqld.sock ........... mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
退出, 使用新密碼登錄
[root@mysql-node ~]# mysql -uroot -S /data/mysql3308/tmp/mysqld.sock -p123456 .................... mysql>
3306, 3307, 3308三個(gè)端口實(shí)例的啟動(dòng)命令分別為:
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my.cnf & mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3307/conf/my.cnf & mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3308/conf/my.cnf &
登錄命令分別為:
mysql -uroot -S /data/mysql/tmp/mysqld.sock -p123456 mysql -uroot -S /data/mysql3307/tmp/mysqld.sock -p123456 mysql -uroot -S /data/mysql3308/tmp/mysqld.sock -p123456
不過(guò)為了解決大家平時(shí)重復(fù)安裝的問(wèn)題，特意將多實(shí)例安裝方法編輯成腳本了，有需要的讀者可以在本公眾號(hào)后臺(tái)直接回復(fù) MySQL8 獲取多實(shí)例安裝腳本。
Mysql8.0使用過(guò)程中踩過(guò)的一些坑
1)創(chuàng)建用戶和授權(quán) 在mysql8.0創(chuàng)建用戶和授權(quán)和之前不太一樣了，其實(shí)嚴(yán)格上來(lái)講，也不能說(shuō)是不一樣, 只能說(shuō)是更嚴(yán)格, mysql8.0需要先創(chuàng)建用戶(創(chuàng)建用戶時(shí)要帶@并指定地址, 則grant授權(quán)時(shí)的地址就是這個(gè)@后面指定的!, 否則grant授權(quán)就會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)!)和設(shè)置密碼,然后才能授權(quán)。
mysql> create user 'kevin'@'%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'kevin'@'%' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> create user 'bobo'@'%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'bobo'@'%' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | % | bobo | $A$005$1VY")q?G6<^X@-6LsXrPt5C0TwlTuvHbaOa3sYF0DKViIGoRPuCF8AzwiFcim1 | | % | kevin | $A$005$hy`U}ZB#R::rA8W0y2rmwgySqzv0rmR1eTeNDSaXfQPWIsrh7ytbVdi85 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | root | $A$005$/VO_y^7,]6;2qxggBLmJzhA0Qylu5/AHuRScZ/ykKedgZKh/6krOIzPs2 | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
如果還是用Mysql5.7及之前版本的直接授權(quán)的方法, 會(huì)有報(bào)錯(cuò):
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'shibo'@'%' identified by '123456'; ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'identified by '123456'' at line 1
2)Mysql8.0默認(rèn)是不能使用root賬號(hào)進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程登錄的! root賬號(hào)只能本地登錄!
mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | % | bobo | $A$005$1VY")q?G6<^X@-6LsXrPt5C0TwlTuvHbaOa3sYF0DKViIGoRPuCF8AzwiFcim1 | | % | kevin | $A$005$hy`U}ZB#R::rA8W0y2rmwgySqzv0rmR1eTeNDSaXfQPWIsrh7ytbVdi85 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | root | $A$005$/VO_y^7,]6;2qxggBLmJzhA0Qylu5/AHuRScZ/ykKedgZKh/6krOIzPs2 | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果想要遠(yuǎn)程登錄, 則需要進(jìn)行update更新下root賬號(hào)的權(quán)限
mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where user="root"; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec) mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from mysql.user; +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | host | user | authentication_string | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | % | bobo | $A$005$1VY")q?G6<^X@-6LsXrPt5C0TwlTuvHbaOa3sYF0DKViIGoRPuCF8AzwiFcim1 | | % | kevin | $A$005$hy`U}ZB#R::rA8W0y2rmwgySqzv0rmR1eTeNDSaXfQPWIsrh7ytbVdi85 | | % | root | $A$005$/VO_y^7,]6;2qxggBLmJzhA0Qylu5/AHuRScZ/ykKedgZKh/6krOIzPs2 | | localhost | mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | | localhost | mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | +-----------+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
這樣就能在遠(yuǎn)程使用root賬號(hào)登錄該mysql8.0的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)了
修改root賬號(hào)權(quán)限, 允許root賬號(hào)遠(yuǎn)程登錄后, 用navicat進(jìn)行mysql的遠(yuǎn)程連接時(shí)，出現(xiàn)了彈窗報(bào)錯(cuò)：
出現(xiàn)這個(gè)原因是mysql8 之前的版本中加密規(guī)則是mysql_native_password, 而在mysql8之后,加密規(guī)則是caching_sha2_password, 解決問(wèn)題方法有兩種:
1、一種是升級(jí)navicat驅(qū)動(dòng);
2、一種是把mysql用戶登錄密碼加密規(guī)則還原成mysql_native_password; 這里選擇第二種方法來(lái)解決:
#修改加密規(guī)則 mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec) #更新一下用戶的密碼 mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec) #刷新權(quán)限 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
這樣問(wèn)題就解決了。
1、使用sqlyog鏈接時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)2058的異常，此時(shí)我們需要修改mysql，命令行登錄mysql（與修改密碼中登錄相同，使用修改后的密碼），然后執(zhí)行下面的命令：mysql > ALTER USER ‘root'@‘localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘password'; 其中password為自己修改的密碼。然后SQLyog中重新連接，則可連接成功，OK。
2、如果報(bào)錯(cuò)：ERROR 1396 (HY000): Operation ALTER USER failed for ‘root'@‘localhost'則使用下面命令：mysql > ALTER USER ‘root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘password';
sqlyog鏈接時(shí)出現(xiàn)2058異常
修改默認(rèn)編碼方式 mysql8.0默認(rèn)編碼方式為utf8mb4，因此使用時(shí)不需要修改，可使用如下命令查看：
mysql > SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character_set_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';
如果需要修改其他編碼方式，比如需要修改為utf8mb4，可以使用如下方式：
修改mysql配置文件my.cnf, 找到后請(qǐng)?jiān)谝韵氯糠掷锾砑尤缦聝?nèi)容： [client] default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysql] default-character-set = utf8mb4 [mysqld] character-set-client-handshake = FALSE character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
然后重啟mysqld服務(wù)即可, 其中:
character_set_client (客戶端來(lái)源數(shù)據(jù)使用的字符集) character_set_connection (連接層字符集) character_set_database (當(dāng)前選中數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的默認(rèn)字符集) character_set_results (查詢結(jié)果字符集) character_set_server (默認(rèn)的內(nèi)部操作字符集)
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接參數(shù)中:
characterEncoding=utf8 會(huì)被自動(dòng)識(shí)別為utf8mb4，也可以不加這個(gè)參數(shù)，會(huì)自動(dòng)檢測(cè)。 而autoReconnect=true 是必須加上的。
6)部分參數(shù)配置查詢命令
#查詢mysql最大連接數(shù)設(shè)置 mysql> show global variables like 'max_conn%'; mysql> SELECT @@MAX_CONNECTIONS AS 'Max Connections'; # 查看最大鏈接數(shù) mysql> show global status like 'Max_used_connections'; # 查看慢查詢?nèi)罩臼欠耖_(kāi)啟以及日志位置 mysql> show variables like 'slow_query%'; # 查看慢查詢?nèi)罩境瑫r(shí)記錄時(shí)間 mysql> show variables like 'long_query_time'; # 查看鏈接創(chuàng)建以及現(xiàn)在正在鏈接數(shù) mysql> show status like 'Threads%'; # 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)當(dāng)前鏈接 mysql> show processlist; # 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置 mysql> show variables like '%quer%';
參考鏈接 ：
出處：https://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/10482469.html
CentOS 下 MySQL 8.0 安裝部署 ：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/OQaL0T-jT2xfsJBulau7sQ
https://blog.csdn.net/vv19910825/article/details/82979563
到此這篇關(guān)于CentOS8下MySQL 8.0安裝部署的方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)MySQL安裝部署內(nèi)容請(qǐng)搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家！
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