c#如何實現(xiàn)接口事件

更新時間：2020年10月13日 10:40:16 作者：olprod

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接口可以聲明事件。下面的示例演示如何在類中實現(xiàn)接口事件。這些規(guī)則基本上都與實現(xiàn)任何接口方法或屬性時的相同。

在類中實現(xiàn)接口事件

在類中聲明事件，然后在相應區(qū)域中調用它。

namespace ImplementInterfaceEvents 
{ 
 public interface IDrawingObject 
 { 
  event EventHandler ShapeChanged; 
 } 
 public class MyEventArgs : EventArgs
 { 
  // class members 
 } 
 public class Shape : IDrawingObject 
 { 
  public event EventHandler ShapeChanged; 
  void ChangeShape() 
  { 
   // Do something here before the event… 

   OnShapeChanged(new MyEventArgs(/*arguments*/)); 

   // or do something here after the event.
  } 
  protected virtual void OnShapeChanged(MyEventArgs e) 
  { 
   ShapeChanged?.Invoke(this, e); 
  } 
 } 

}

示例

下面的示例演示如何處理不太常見的情況：類繼承自兩個或多個接口，且每個接口都具有相同名稱的事件。在這種情況下，你必須為至少其中一個事件提供顯式接口實現(xiàn)。為事件編寫顯式接口實現(xiàn)時，還必須編寫 add 和 remove 事件訪問器。通常這些訪問器由編譯器提供，但在這種情況下編譯器不提供它們。

通過提供自己的訪問器，可以指定兩個事件是由類中的同一個事件表示，還是由不同事件表示。例如，如果根據(jù)接口規(guī)范應在不同時間引發(fā)事件，可以在類中將每個事件與單獨實現(xiàn)關聯(lián)。在下面的示例中，訂閱服務器確定它們通過將形狀引用轉換為 IShape 或 IDrawingObject 接收哪個 OnDraw 事件。

namespace WrapTwoInterfaceEvents
{
 using System;

 public interface IDrawingObject
 {
  // Raise this event before drawing
  // the object.
  event EventHandler OnDraw;
 }
 public interface IShape
 {
  // Raise this event after drawing
  // the shape.
  event EventHandler OnDraw;
 }

 // Base class event publisher inherits two
 // interfaces, each with an OnDraw event
 public class Shape : IDrawingObject, IShape
 {
  // Create an event for each interface event
  event EventHandler PreDrawEvent;
  event EventHandler PostDrawEvent;

  object objectLock = new Object();

  // Explicit interface implementation required.
  // Associate IDrawingObject's event with
  // PreDrawEvent
  #region IDrawingObjectOnDraw
  event EventHandler IDrawingObject.OnDraw
  {
   add
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PreDrawEvent += value;
    }
   }
   remove
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PreDrawEvent -= value;
    }
   }
  }
  #endregion
  // Explicit interface implementation required.
  // Associate IShape's event with
  // PostDrawEvent
  event EventHandler IShape.OnDraw
  {
   add
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PostDrawEvent += value;
    }
   }
   remove
   {
    lock (objectLock)
    {
     PostDrawEvent -= value;
    }
   }
  }

  // For the sake of simplicity this one method
  // implements both interfaces.
  public void Draw()
  {
   // Raise IDrawingObject's event before the object is drawn.
   PreDrawEvent?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);

   Console.WriteLine("Drawing a shape.");

   // Raise IShape's event after the object is drawn.
   PostDrawEvent?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
  }
 }
 public class Subscriber1
 {
  // References the shape object as an IDrawingObject
  public Subscriber1(Shape shape)
  {
   IDrawingObject d = (IDrawingObject)shape;
   d.OnDraw += d_OnDraw;
  }

  void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.");
  }
 }
 // References the shape object as an IShape
 public class Subscriber2
 {
  public Subscriber2(Shape shape)
  {
   IShape d = (IShape)shape;
   d.OnDraw += d_OnDraw;
  }

  void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Sub2 receives the IShape event.");
  }
 }

 public class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   Shape shape = new Shape();
   Subscriber1 sub = new Subscriber1(shape);
   Subscriber2 sub2 = new Subscriber2(shape);
   shape.Draw();

   // Keep the console window open in debug mode.
   System.Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
   System.Console.ReadKey();
  }
 }
}
/* Output:
 Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.
 Drawing a shape.
 Sub2 receives the IShape event.
*/

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