MySQL 的 SQL 語(yǔ)法調(diào)整主要都是使用 EXPLAIN , 但是這個(gè)並沒(méi)辦法知道詳細(xì)的 Ram(Memory)/CPU 等使用量.

於 MySQL 5.0.37 以上開(kāi)始支援 MySQL Query Profiler, 可以查詢到此 SQL 會(huì)執(zhí)行多少時(shí)間, 並看出 CPU/Memory 使用量, 執(zhí)行過(guò)程中 System lock, Table lock 花多少時(shí)間等等.

MySQL Query Profile 詳細(xì)介紹可見(jiàn): Using the New MySQL Query Profiler (2007.04.05 發(fā)表)

效能分析主要分下述三種(轉(zhuǎn)載自上篇):

Bottleneck analysis - focuses on answering the questions: What is my database server waiting on; what is a user connection waiting on; what is a piece of SQL code waiting on?
Workload analysis - examines the server and who is logged on to determine the resource usage and activity of each.
Ratio-based analysis - utilizes a number of rule-of-thumb ratios to gauge performance of a database, user connection, or piece of code.
MySQL Query Profile 使用方法
啟動(dòng)
mysql> set profiling=1; # 此命令於 MySQL 會(huì)於 information_schema 的 database 建立一個(gè) PROFILING 的 table 來(lái)紀(jì)錄.
SQL profiles show
mysql> show profiles; # 從啟動(dòng)之後所有語(yǔ)法及使用時(shí)間, 含錯(cuò)誤語(yǔ)法都會(huì)紀(jì)錄.
ex: (root@localhost) [test]> show profiles; # 注意 Query_ID, 下面執(zhí)行時(shí)間統(tǒng)計(jì)等, 都是依 Query_ID 在紀(jì)錄

 +----------+------------+---------------------------+
 | Query_ID | Duration   | Query                     |
 +----------+------------+---------------------------+
 |        1 | 0.00090400 | show profile for query 1  |
 |        2 | 0.00008700 | select * from users       |
 |        3 | 0.00183800 | show tables               |
 |        4 | 0.00027600 | mysql> show profiles      |
 +----------+------------+---------------------------+
 查詢所有花費(fèi)時(shí)間加總
mysql> select sum(duration) from information_schema.profiling where query_id=1; # Query ID = 1

 +---------------+
 | sum(duration) |
 +---------------+
 |      0.000447 |
 +---------------+
 查詢各執(zhí)行階段花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間
mysql> show profile for query 1; # Query ID = 1

 +--------------------+------------+
 | Status             | Duration   |
 +--------------------+------------+
 | (initialization)   | 0.00006300 |
 | Opening tables     | 0.00001400 |
 | System lock        | 0.00000600 |
 | Table lock         | 0.00001000 |
 | init               | 0.00002200 |
 | optimizing         | 0.00001100 |
 | statistics         | 0.00009300 |
 | preparing          | 0.00001700 |
 | executing          | 0.00000700 |
 | Sending data       | 0.00016800 |
 | end                | 0.00000700 |
 | query end          | 0.00000500 |
 | freeing items      | 0.00001200 |
 | closing tables     | 0.00000800 |
 | logging slow query | 0.00000400 |
 +--------------------+------------+
 查詢各執(zhí)行階段花費(fèi)的各種資源列表
mysql> show profile cpu for query 1; # Query ID = 1

 +--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
 | Status                         | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system |
 +--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
 | (initialization)               | 0.000007 | 0        | 0          |
 | checking query cache for query | 0.000071 | 0        | 0          |
 | Opening tables                 | 0.000024 | 0        | 0          |
 | System lock                    | 0.000014 | 0        | 0          |
 | Table lock                     | 0.000055 | 0.001    | 0          |
 | init                           | 0.000036 | 0        | 0          |
 | optimizing                     | 0.000013 | 0        | 0          |
 | statistics                     | 0.000021 | 0        | 0          |
 | preparing                      | 0.00002  | 0        | 0          |
 | executing                      | 0.00001  | 0        | 0          |
 | Sending data                   | 0.015072 | 0.011998 | 0          |
 | end                            | 0.000021 | 0        | 0          |
 | query end                      | 0.000011 | 0        | 0          |
 | storing result in query cache  | 0.00001  | 0        | 0          |
 | freeing items                  | 0.000018 | 0        | 0          |
 | closing tables                 | 0.000019 | 0        | 0          |
 | logging slow query             | 0.000009 | 0        | 0          |
 +--------------------------------+----------+----------+------------+
 mysql> show profile IPC for query 1;

 +--------------------------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+
 | Status                         | Duration | Messages_sent | Messages_received |
 +--------------------------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+
 | (initialization)               | 0.000007 |             0 |                 0 |
 | checking query cache for query | 0.000071 |             0 |                 0 |
 | Opening tables                 | 0.000024 |             0 |                 0 |
 | System lock                    | 0.000014 |             0 |                 0 |
 | Table lock                     | 0.000055 |             0 |                 0 |
 | init                           | 0.000036 |             0 |                 0 |
 | optimizing                     | 0.000013 |             0 |                 0 |
 | statistics                     | 0.000021 |             0 |                 0 |
 | preparing                      | 0.00002  |             0 |                 0 |
 | executing                      | 0.00001  |             0 |                 0 |
 | Sending data                   | 0.015072 |             0 |                 0 |
 | end                            | 0.000021 |             0 |                 0 |
 | query end                      | 0.000011 |             0 |                 0 |
 | storing result in query cache  | 0.00001  |             0 |                 0 |
 | freeing items                  | 0.000018 |             0 |                 0 |
 | closing tables                 | 0.000019 |             0 |                 0 |
 | logging slow query             | 0.000009 |             0 |                 0 |
 +--------------------------------+----------+---------------+-------------------+
 其它屬性列表
ALL - displays all information
BLOCK IO - displays counts for block input and output operations
CONTEXT SWITCHES - displays counts for voluntary and involuntary context switches
IPC - displays counts for messages sent and received
MEMORY - is not currently implemented
PAGE FAULTS - displays counts for major and minor page faults
SOURCE - displays the names of functions from the source code, together with the name and line number of the file in which the function occurs
SWAPS - displays swap counts
設(shè)定 Profiling 存的 Size
mysql> show variables where variable_name='profiling_history_size'; # 預(yù)設(shè)是 15筆
關(guān)閉
mysql> set profiling=0;

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