package generics;

/**
 * 定義受限制的方法
 * 
 * @author psdxdgK1DT
 *
 */
public class Box<T> {

	private T t;

	public void set(T t) {
		this.t = t;
	}

	public T get() {
		return t;
	}
/**
	 * 通過(guò)修改我們的通用泛型方法以包含此有界類型參數(shù)，現(xiàn)在編譯將失敗，因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)inspect的調(diào)用仍包含String：
	 * By modifying our generic method to include this bounded type parameter
	 * compilation will now fail, since our invocation of inspect still includes a String:
	 * inspect:單詞：檢查
	 * @param <U>
	 * @param u
	 */
	public <U extends Number> void inspect(U u) {
		System.out.println("T:" + t.getClass().getName());
		System.out.println("U:" + u.getClass().getName());
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Box<Integer> integerBox = new Box<Integer>();
		integerBox.set(new Integer("some text"));
		integerBox.inspect("some test");這里會(huì)出現(xiàn)預(yù)編譯錯(cuò)誤

		integerBox.inspect(10);
	}
}

//使用受限類型參數(shù)的類
public class NaturalNumber<T extends Integer> {

  private T n;
  public NaturalNumber(T n) { this.n = n; }

  public boolean isEven() {
    return n.intValue() % 2 == 0;
  }

  // ...
}

public static <T> int countGreaterThan(T[] anArray, T elem) {
  int count = 0;
  for (T e : anArray)
    if (e > elem) // compiler error
      ++count;
  return count;
}
The implementation of the method is straightforward,
but it does not compile because the greater than operator (>) applies only to primitive types
such as short, int, double, long, float, byte, and char. 
You cannot use the > operator to compare objects. To fix the problem, use a type parameter
bounded by the Comparable<T> interface:

public interface Comparable<T> {
  public int compareTo(T o);
}
The resulting code will be:

public static <T extends Comparable<T>> int countGreaterThan(T[] anArray, T elem) {
  int count = 0;
  for (T e : anArray)
  //因?yàn)檫@里的T是受限制的類型參數(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了Comparable接口，于是可以使用接口的方法compareTo
    if (e.compareTo(elem) > 0)
      ++count;
  return count;
}