SpringBoot登錄驗(yàn)證碼實(shí)現(xiàn)過程詳解
今天記錄一下驗(yàn)證碼的實(shí)現(xiàn),希望能夠幫助到大家!
首先我們看一下實(shí)現(xiàn)的效果:

此驗(yàn)證碼的實(shí)現(xiàn)沒有用到太多的插件,話不多說直接上代碼,大家拿過去就可以用。
中間用到了org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils工具類,需要pom配置:
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.commons/commons-lang3 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.10</version>
</dependency>
1.驗(yàn)證碼類
package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;
import lombok.Data;
/**
* 驗(yàn)證碼類
*/
public class VerifyCode {
private String code;
private byte[] imgBytes;
private long expireTime;
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public byte[] getImgBytes() {
return imgBytes;
}
public void setImgBytes(byte[] imgBytes) {
this.imgBytes = imgBytes;
}
public long getExpireTime() {
return expireTime;
}
public void setExpireTime(long expireTime) {
this.expireTime = expireTime;
}
}
2.驗(yàn)證碼生成接口
package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* 驗(yàn)證碼生成接口
*/
public interface IVerifyCodeGen {
/**
* 生成驗(yàn)證碼并返回code,將圖片寫的os中
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @param os
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
String generate(int width, int height, OutputStream os) throws IOException;
/**
* 生成驗(yàn)證碼對(duì)象
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
VerifyCode generate(int width, int height) throws IOException;
}
3.驗(yàn)證碼生成實(shí)現(xiàn)類
package com.youyou.login.util.validatecode;
import com.youyou.util.RandomUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* 驗(yàn)證碼實(shí)現(xiàn)類
*/
public class SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl implements IVerifyCodeGen {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl.class);
private static final String[] FONT_TYPES = { "u5b8bu4f53", "u65b0u5b8bu4f53", "u9ed1u4f53", "u6977u4f53", "u96b6u4e66" };
private static final int VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH = 4;
/**
* 設(shè)置背景顏色及大小,干擾線
*
* @param graphics
* @param width
* @param height
*/
private static void fillBackground(Graphics graphics, int width, int height) {
// 填充背景
graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);
//設(shè)置矩形坐標(biāo)x y 為0
graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 加入干擾線條
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
//設(shè)置隨機(jī)顏色算法參數(shù)
graphics.setColor(RandomUtils.randomColor(40, 150));
Random random = new Random();
int x = random.nextint(width);
int y = random.nextint(height);
int x1 = random.nextint(width);
int y1 = random.nextint(height);
graphics.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);
}
}
/**
* 生成隨機(jī)字符
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @param os
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public String generate(int width, int height, OutputStream os) throws IOException {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();
fillBackground(graphics, width, height);
String randomStr = RandomUtils.randomString(VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH);
createCharacter(graphics, randomStr);
graphics.dispose();
//設(shè)置JPEG格式
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os);
return randomStr;
}
/**
* 驗(yàn)證碼生成
*
* @param width
* @param height
* @return
*/
@Override
public VerifyCode generate(int width, int height) {
VerifyCode verifyCode = null;
try (
//將流的初始化放到這里就不需要手動(dòng)關(guān)閉流
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
) {
String code = generate(width, height, baos);
verifyCode = new VerifyCode();
verifyCode.setCode(code);
verifyCode.setImgBytes(baos.toByteArray());
}
catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
verifyCode = null;
}
return verifyCode;
}
/**
* 設(shè)置字符顏色大小
*
* @param g
* @param randomStr
*/
private void createCharacter(Graphics g, String randomStr) {
char[] charArray = randomStr.toCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {
//設(shè)置RGB顏色算法參數(shù)
g.setColor(new Color(50 + RandomUtils.nextint(100),
+ RandomUtils.nextint(100), 50 + RandomUtils.nextint(100)));
//設(shè)置字體大小,類型
g.setFont(new Font(FONT_TYPES[RandomUtils.nextint(FONT_TYPES.length)], Font.BOLD, 26));
//設(shè)置x y 坐標(biāo)
g.drawString(String.valueOf(charArray[i]), 15 * i + 5, 19 + RandomUtils.nextint(8));
}
}
}
4.工具類
package com.youyou.util;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomUtils extends org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils {
private static final char[] CODE_SEQ = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J',
'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',
'X', 'Y', 'Z', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
private static final char[] NUMBER_ARRAY = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
private static Random random = new Random();
public static String randomString(int length) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append(String.valueOf(CODE_SEQ[random.nextint(CODE_SEQ.length)]));
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static String randomNumberString(int length) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append(String.valueOf(NUMBER_ARRAY[random.nextint(NUMBER_ARRAY.length)]));
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static Color randomColor(int fc, int bc) {
int f = fc;
int b = bc;
Random random = new Random();
if (f > 255) {
f = 255;
}
if (b > 255) {
b = 255;
}
return new Color(f + random.nextint(b - f), f + random.nextint(b - f), f + random.nextint(b - f));
}
public static int nextint(int bound) {
return random.nextint(bound);
}
}
經(jīng)過以上代碼,我們的驗(yàn)證碼生成功能基本上已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了,現(xiàn)在還需要一個(gè)controller來調(diào)用它。
@ApiOperation(value = "驗(yàn)證碼")
@GetMapping("/verifyCode")
public void verifyCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
IVerifyCodeGen iVerifyCodeGen = new SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl();
try {
//設(shè)置長寬
VerifyCode verifyCode = iVerifyCodeGen.generate(80, 28);
String code = verifyCode.getCode();
LOGGER.info(code);
//將VerifyCode綁定session
request.getSession().setAttribute("VerifyCode", code);
//設(shè)置響應(yīng)頭
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
//設(shè)置響應(yīng)頭
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
//在代理服務(wù)器端防止緩沖
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
//設(shè)置響應(yīng)內(nèi)容類型
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
response.getOutputStream().write(verifyCode.getImgBytes());
response.getOutputStream().flush();
}
catch (IOException e) {
LOGGER.info("", e);
}
}
搞定!后臺(tái)編寫到此結(jié)束了。那么又會(huì)有博友說了:“說好的實(shí)現(xiàn)效果呢?”
好吧,那么我們繼續(xù)前端的代碼編寫。
前端代碼:
<html>
<body>
<div>
<input id="code" placeholder="驗(yàn)證碼" type="text" class=""
style="width:170px">
<!-- 驗(yàn)證碼 顯示 -->
<img οnclick="javascript:getvCode()" id="verifyimg" style="margin-left: 20px;"/>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
getvCode();
/**
* 獲取驗(yàn)證碼
* 將驗(yàn)證碼寫到login.html頁面的id = verifyimg 的地方
*/
function getvCode() {
document.getElementById("verifyimg").src = timestamp("http://127.0.0.1:81/verifyCode");
}
//為url添加時(shí)間戳
function timestamp(url) {
var getTimestamp = new Date().getTime();
if (url.indexOf("?") > -1) {
url = url + "×tamp=" + getTimestamp
} else {
url = url + "?timestamp=" + getTimestamp
}
return url;
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
可以實(shí)現(xiàn)點(diǎn)擊圖片更換驗(yàn)證碼。
實(shí)現(xiàn)效果:

當(dāng)然文章開頭的截圖是我系統(tǒng)中的截圖,需要大家自己去根據(jù)自己的情況去開發(fā)前端了。
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。
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