python爬蟲開發(fā)之使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100實(shí)例

更新時(shí)間：2020年03月10日 15:02:11 作者：real向往

這篇文章主要介紹了python爬蟲開發(fā)之使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100實(shí)例,需要的朋友可以參考下

使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100思路：

查看網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
抓取單頁(yè)內(nèi)容
正則表達(dá)式提取信息
貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
多線程抓取

運(yùn)行平臺(tái)：windows
Python版本：Python 3.7.
IDE:Sublime Text
瀏覽器：Chrome瀏覽器

1.查看貓眼電影TOP100網(wǎng)頁(yè)原代碼

按F12查看網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼發(fā)現(xiàn)每一個(gè)電影的信息都在“<dd></dd>”標(biāo)簽之中。

點(diǎn)開之后，信息如下：

2.抓取單頁(yè)內(nèi)容

在瀏覽器中打開貓眼電影網(wǎng)站，點(diǎn)擊“榜單”，再點(diǎn)擊“TOP100榜”如下圖：

接下來通過以下代碼獲取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
 
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施，設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
def main():
	url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
	html = get_one_page(url,headers)
	print(html)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()

執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下：

3.正則表達(dá)式提取信息

上圖標(biāo)示信息即為要提取的信息，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
 
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施，設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
#正則表達(dá)式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
	pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a'
		+'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S)
	items = re.findall(pattern,html)
	for item in items:
		yield{
		'index':item[0],
		'image':item[1],
		'title':item[2],
		'actor':item[3].strip()[3:],
		'time':item[4].strip()[5:],
		'score':item[5]+item[6]
		}
 
def main():
	url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
	html = get_one_page(url,headers)
	for item in parse_one_page(html):
		print(item)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()

執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下：

4.貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件

上邊代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)單頁(yè)的信息抓取，要想爬取100個(gè)電影的信息，先觀察每一頁(yè)url的變化，點(diǎn)開每一頁(yè)我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)url進(jìn)行變化，原url后面多了‘？offset=0',且offset的值變化從0,10,20，變化如下：

代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)如下：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
 
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施，設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
#正則表達(dá)式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
	pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a'
		+'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S)
	items = re.findall(pattern,html)
	for item in items:
		yield{
		'index':item[0],
		'image':item[1],
		'title':item[2],
		'actor':item[3].strip()[3:],
		'time':item[4].strip()[5:],
		'score':item[5]+item[6]
		}
#貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
def write_to_file(content):
	#encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使寫入文件的代碼顯示為中文
	with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f:
		f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n')
		f.close()
#下載電影封面
def save_image_file(url,path):
 
	jd = requests.get(url)
	if jd.status_code == 200:
		with open(path,'wb') as f:
			f.write(jd.content)
			f.close()
 
def main(offset):
	url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset)
	html = get_one_page(url,headers)
	if not os.path.exists('covers'):
		os.mkdir('covers')	
	for item in parse_one_page(html):
		print(item)
		write_to_file(item)
		save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg')
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	#對(duì)每一頁(yè)信息進(jìn)行爬取
	for i in range(10):
		main(i*10)

爬取結(jié)果如下：

5.多線程抓取

進(jìn)行比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)多線程爬取時(shí)間明顯較快：

多線程：

以下為完整代碼：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
from multiprocessing import Pool
#貓眼電影網(wǎng)站有反爬蟲措施，設(shè)置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取網(wǎng)頁(yè)源代碼
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
#正則表達(dá)式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
	pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a'
		+'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S)
	items = re.findall(pattern,html)
	for item in items:
		yield{
		'index':item[0],
		'image':item[1],
		'title':item[2],
		'actor':item[3].strip()[3:],
		'time':item[4].strip()[5:],
		'score':item[5]+item[6]
		}
#貓眼TOP100所有信息寫入文件
def write_to_file(content):
	#encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使寫入文件的代碼顯示為中文
	with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f:
		f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n')
		f.close()
#下載電影封面
def save_image_file(url,path):
 
	jd = requests.get(url)
	if jd.status_code == 200:
		with open(path,'wb') as f:
			f.write(jd.content)
			f.close()
 
def main(offset):
	url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset)
	html = get_one_page(url,headers)
	if not os.path.exists('covers'):
		os.mkdir('covers')	
	for item in parse_one_page(html):
		print(item)
		write_to_file(item)
		save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg')
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	#對(duì)每一頁(yè)信息進(jìn)行爬取
	pool = Pool()
	pool.map(main,[i*10 for i in range(10)])
	pool.close()
	pool.join()

本文主要講解了使用Python爬蟲庫(kù)requests多線程抓取貓眼電影TOP100數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)例,更多關(guān)于Python爬蟲庫(kù)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)查看下面的相關(guān)鏈接

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