pygame實(shí)現(xiàn)俄羅斯方塊游戲（基礎(chǔ)篇1）

更新時(shí)間：2019年10月29日 11:30:14 作者：冰風(fēng)漫天

這篇文章主要為大家介紹了pygame實(shí)現(xiàn)俄羅斯方塊游戲基礎(chǔ)的第1篇，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，具有一定的參考價(jià)值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

本文實(shí)例為大家分享了pygame實(shí)現(xiàn)俄羅斯方塊游戲的具體代碼，基礎(chǔ)的第一篇，供大家參考，具體內(nèi)容如下

一、初始界面

之前的游戲都比較簡單，所以代碼都是面向過程的寫法，這次游戲后面可能會(huì)寫比較復(fù)雜（比如人機(jī)對(duì)戰(zhàn)、聯(lián)機(jī)對(duì)戰(zhàn)、使用道具對(duì)戰(zhàn)等），這次面向?qū)ο笠稽c(diǎn)來寫這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

游戲的窗口設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)專門的Panel類便于負(fù)責(zé)單個(gè)游戲窗口的管理控制。
游戲主窗口按每個(gè)方塊30像素，那么寬3010=300，高是3020=600

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame
class Panel(object): # 用于繪制整個(gè)游戲窗口的版面
 def __init__(self,bg, position):
 self._bg=bg;
 self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
 self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
 
 def paint(self):
 mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
 pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width)
def run():
 pygame.init()
 space=40
 main_panel_width=300
 main_panel_height=main_panel_width*2
 screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('Tetris')
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((main_panel_width+160+space*3,main_panel_height+space*2)) #設(shè)置窗口長寬
 main_panel=Panel(screen,[space,space,main_panel_width,main_panel_height])
 while True:
 for event in pygame.event.get():
 if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  pygame.quit()
  exit()
 
 screen.fill((100,100,100)) # 將界面設(shè)置為灰色
 main_panel.paint() # 主面盤繪制
 pygame.display.update() # 必須調(diào)用update才能看到繪圖顯示
run()

效果圖

二、方塊管理

這里首先想到方塊不同種類的可以使用工廠模式，所以先定義一個(gè)基類的Block，然后不同種類的方塊分別繼承自這個(gè)Block類，分別有這樣七種方塊

class Block(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.rect_arr=[]

 def get_rect_arr(self): # 用于獲取方塊種的四個(gè)矩形列表
 return self.rect_arr

 def move(self,xdiff,ydiff): # 用于移動(dòng)方塊的方法
 self.new_rect_arr=[]
 for x,y in self.rect_arr:
 self.new_rect_arr.append((x+xdiff,y+ydiff))
 self.rect_arr=self.new_rect_arr

class LongBlock(Block):
 def __init__(self, n=None): # 兩種形態(tài)
 super(LongBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
 self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(1,3)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(2,2),(3,2)]

class SquareBlock(Block): # 一種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(SquareBlock, self).__init__()
 self.rect_arr=[(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2)]


class ZBlock(Block): # 兩種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(ZBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
 self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(2,1),(1,1),(1,2)] if n==0 else [(0,1),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]

class SBlock(Block): # 兩種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(SBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
 self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(1,1),(2,1)]

class LBlock(Block): # 四種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(LBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
 if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]
 elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,2)]
 elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
 else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,0)]

class JBlock(Block): # 四種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(JBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
 if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,2)]
 elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,0)]
 elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
 else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)]

class TBlock(Block): # 四種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(TBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
 if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)]
 elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,1)]
 elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,0)]
 else: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,1)]

三、創(chuàng)建方塊和方塊落下

定義一個(gè)創(chuàng)建方塊的函數(shù)

def create_block():
 n = random.randint(0,19)
 if n==0: return SquareBlock(n=0)
 elif n==1 or n==2: return LongBlock(n=n-1)
 elif n==3 or n==4: return ZBlock(n=n-3)
 elif n==5 or n==6: return SBlock(n=n-5)
 elif n>=7 and n<=10: return LBlock(n=n-7)
 elif n>=11 and n<=14: return JBlock(n=n-11)
 else: return TBlock(n=n-15)

給Panel類加一下當(dāng)前移動(dòng)方塊的屬性，并且修改它的paint方法，將移動(dòng)方塊繪制

class Panel(object): # 用于繪制整個(gè)游戲窗口的版面
 moving_block=None # 正在落下的方塊
 def __init__(self,bg, block_size, position):
 self._bg=bg;
 self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
 self._block_size=block_size
 self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
 
 def create_move_block(self):
 block = create_block()
 block.move(5-2,-2) # 方塊挪到中間 
 self.moving_block=block

 def move_block(self):
 self.moving_block.move(0,1)

 def paint(self):
 mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
 pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width) # 用一個(gè)粗線段來填充背景
 
 # 繪制正在落下的方塊
 if self.move_block:
  for rect in self.moving_block.get_rect_arr():
  x,y=rect
  pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
  pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)

主循環(huán)中創(chuàng)建方塊并將方塊調(diào)整到下落的起始位置

main_panel.create_move_block()

設(shè)定位置刷新時(shí)間

diff_ticks = 300 # 移動(dòng)一次蛇頭的事件，單位毫秒
 ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks() + diff_ticks

在主循環(huán)中刷新當(dāng)前移動(dòng)方塊的位置

if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= ticks:
 ticks+=diff_ticks
 main_panel.move_block()

當(dāng)前可以看到方塊下落的效果了

四、方塊落地的判斷

在Block類里增加一個(gè)移動(dòng)判斷函數(shù)，下面這個(gè)這個(gè)can_move函數(shù)可以判斷方塊是不是落到底部了

def can_move(self,xdiff,ydiff):
 for x,y in self.rect_arr:
  if y+ydiff>=20: return False
 return True

修改Panel的move函數(shù)，改為

def move_block(self):
 if self.moving_block is None: create_move_block()
 if self.moving_block.can_move(0,1): 
  self.moving_block.move(0,1)
 else:
  self.add_block(self.moving_block)
  self.create_move_block()

這里增加了一個(gè)add_block函數(shù)，用于將已經(jīng)落地的方塊存起來，所以Panel另外做了三處改動(dòng)

1.增加一個(gè)存已落下方塊的數(shù)組變量

rect_arr=[] # 已經(jīng)落底下的方塊

2.定義add_block函數(shù)

def add_block(self,block):
 for rect in block.get_rect_arr():
  self.rect_arr.append(rect)

3.在paint里進(jìn)行self.rect_arr的繪制

# 繪制已經(jīng)落底下的方塊
bz=self._block_size
 for rect in self.rect_arr:
 x,y=rect
 pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
 pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)

現(xiàn)在可以看到方塊會(huì)落到底部，然后新的方塊落下了

貼下目前的完整程序

# -*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import random
import pygame

class Panel(object): # 用于繪制整個(gè)游戲窗口的版面
 rect_arr=[] # 已經(jīng)落底下的方塊
 moving_block=None # 正在落下的方塊
 def __init__(self,bg, block_size, position):
 self._bg=bg;
 self._x,self._y,self._width,self._height=position
 self._block_size=block_size
 self._bgcolor=[0,0,0]
 
 def add_block(self,block):
 for rect in block.get_rect_arr():
  self.rect_arr.append(rect)

 def create_move_block(self):
 block = create_block()
 block.move(5-2,-2) # 方塊挪到中間 
 self.moving_block=block

 def move_block(self):
 if self.moving_block is None: create_move_block()
 if self.moving_block.can_move(0,1): 
  self.moving_block.move(0,1)
 else:
  self.add_block(self.moving_block)
  self.create_move_block()

 def paint(self):
 mid_x=self._x+self._width/2
 pygame.draw.line(self._bg,self._bgcolor,[mid_x,self._y],[mid_x,self._y+self._height],self._width) # 用一個(gè)粗線段來填充背景
 
 # 繪制已經(jīng)落底下的方塊
 bz=self._block_size
 for rect in self.rect_arr:
  x,y=rect
  pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
  pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)
 
 # 繪制正在落下的方塊
 if self.move_block:
  for rect in self.moving_block.get_rect_arr():
  x,y=rect
  pygame.draw.line(self._bg,[0,0,255],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+y*bz],[self._x+x*bz+bz/2,self._y+(y+1)*bz],bz)
  pygame.draw.rect(self._bg,[255,255,255],[self._x+x*bz,self._y+y*bz,bz,bz],1)


class Block(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.rect_arr=[]

 def get_rect_arr(self): # 用于獲取方塊種的四個(gè)矩形列表
 return self.rect_arr

 def move(self,xdiff,ydiff): # 用于移動(dòng)方塊的方法
 self.new_rect_arr=[]
 for x,y in self.rect_arr:
  self.new_rect_arr.append((x+xdiff,y+ydiff))
 self.rect_arr=self.new_rect_arr

 def can_move(self,xdiff,ydiff):
 for x,y in self.rect_arr:
  if y+ydiff>=20: return False
 return True

class LongBlock(Block):
 def __init__(self, n=None): # 兩種形態(tài)
 super(LongBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
 self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(1,3)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(2,2),(3,2)]

class SquareBlock(Block): # 一種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(SquareBlock, self).__init__()
 self.rect_arr=[(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2)]


class ZBlock(Block): # 兩種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(ZBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
 self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(2,1),(1,1),(1,2)] if n==0 else [(0,1),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]

class SBlock(Block): # 兩種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(SBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,1)
 self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)] if n==0 else [(0,2),(1,2),(1,1),(2,1)]

class LBlock(Block): # 四種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(LBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
 if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]
 elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,2)]
 elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
 else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,0)]

class JBlock(Block): # 四種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(JBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
 if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,2)]
 elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,0)]
 elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(2,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)]
 else: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)]

class TBlock(Block): # 四種形態(tài)
 def __init__(self, n=None):
 super(TBlock, self).__init__()
 if n is None: n=random.randint(0,3)
 if n==0: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)]
 elif n==1: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(0,1)]
 elif n==2: self.rect_arr=[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,0)]
 else: self.rect_arr=[(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,1)]
 

def create_block():
 n = random.randint(0,19)
 if n==0: return SquareBlock(n=0)
 elif n==1 or n==2: return LongBlock(n=n-1)
 elif n==3 or n==4: return ZBlock(n=n-3)
 elif n==5 or n==6: return SBlock(n=n-5)
 elif n>=7 and n<=10: return LBlock(n=n-7)
 elif n>=11 and n<=14: return JBlock(n=n-11)
 else: return TBlock(n=n-15)

def run():
 pygame.init()
 space=30
 main_block_size=30
 main_panel_width=main_block_size*10
 main_panel_height=main_block_size*20
 screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption('Tetris')
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((main_panel_width+160+space*3,main_panel_height+space*2)) #設(shè)置窗口長寬
 main_panel=Panel(screen,main_block_size,[space,space,main_panel_width,main_panel_height])

 
 main_panel.create_move_block()

 diff_ticks = 300 # 移動(dòng)一次蛇頭的事件，單位毫秒
 ticks = pygame.time.get_ticks() + diff_ticks

 while True:
 for event in pygame.event.get():
  if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
   pygame.quit()
   exit()
 
 screen.fill((100,100,100)) # 將界面設(shè)置為灰色
 main_panel.paint() # 主面盤繪制

 pygame.display.update() # 必須調(diào)用update才能看到繪圖顯示

 if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= ticks:
  ticks+=diff_ticks
  main_panel.move_block()

run()

這章先寫到這，下章繼續(xù)

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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