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對Django url的幾種使用方式詳解

更新時間：2019年08月06日 15:22:25 作者：Suny_慶

今天小編就為大家分享一篇對Django url的幾種使用方式詳解，具有很好的參考價值，希望對大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

利用Django開發(fā)網(wǎng)站，可以設(shè)計出非常優(yōu)美的url規(guī)則，如果url的匹配規(guī)則（包含正則表達(dá)式）組織得比較好，view的結(jié)構(gòu)就會比較清晰，比較容易維護(hù)。

最簡單的形式

<code> 
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'), 
)</code>

其中，正則表達(dá)式中組匹配出來的結(jié)果可以作為positional parameters傳遞給view.

如果url是www.yourdomain/articles/2005/，則會匹配第二條規(guī)則，執(zhí)行news.views.year_archive('2005').

注意點

域名部分會被過濾掉

articles的前面不需要添加/，因為前序url的末尾一定會有/

任何組匹配的變量，都會議字符串的形式傳遞給view, 雖然通過(\d{4})匹配出了2005，但2005任然會被當(dāng)做字符串傳遞給year_archive

利用named group來傳遞參數(shù)

可以通過以下形式為特定的組指定一個名稱.

urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'), 
 url(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})/(?P<day>\d{2})/$', 'news.views.article_detail'), 
)

這樣的話，組的匹配結(jié)果會通過keyword parameters的形式傳遞給view.例如year_archive(year='2005')

利用named group可以為view指定一個默認(rèn)參數(shù)來匹配多條規(guī)則。

# URLconf 
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^blog/$', 'blog.views.page'), 
 url(r'^blog/page(?P<num>\d+)/$', 'blog.views.page'), 
) 
 
# View (in blog/views.py) 
def page(request, num="1"): 
 # Output the appropriate page of blog entries, according to num.

指定view前綴(提取公因式)

patterns函數(shù)的第一個參數(shù)即是view的前綴

from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('news.views', 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/$', 'year_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/$', 'month_archive'), 
 url(r'^articles/(\d{4})/(\d{2})/(\d+)/$', 'article_detail'), 
)

指定多個view前綴

urlpatterns = patterns('myapp.views', 
 url(r'^$', 'app_index'), 
 url(r'^(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$','month_display'), 
) 
urlpatterns += patterns('weblog.views', 
 url(r'^tag/(?P<tag>\w+)/$', 'tag'), 
)

include其它匹配模塊

from django.conf.urls import include, patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 # ... snip ... 
 url(r'^comments/', include('django.contrib.comments.urls')), 
 url(r'^community/', include('django_website.aggregator.urls')), 
 url(r'^contact/', include('django_website.contact.urls')), 
 # ... snip ... 
)

當(dāng)然也可以直接include其它patterns

from django.conf.urls import include, patterns, url 
 
extra_patterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^reports/(?P<id>\d+)/$', 'credit.views.report'), 
 url(r'^charge/$', 'credit.views.charge'), 
) 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^$', 'apps.main.views.homepage'), 
 url(r'^help/', include('apps.help.urls')), 
 url(r'^credit/', include(extra_patterns)), 
)

為view函數(shù)傳遞額外參數(shù)

from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views', 
 url(r'^blog/(?P<year>\d{4})/$', 'year_archive', {'foo': 'bar'}), 
)

直接使用view函數(shù)

from django.conf.urls import patterns, url 
from mysite.views import archive, about, contact 
 
urlpatterns = patterns('', 
 url(r'^archive/$', archive), 
 url(r'^about/$', about), 
 url(r'^contact/$', contact), 
)

以上這篇對Django url的幾種使用方式詳解就是小編分享給大家的全部內(nèi)容了，希望能給大家一個參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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