SpringBoot微信消息接口配置詳解

更新時間：2019年06月27日 17:21:20 作者：郭南林

這篇文章主要介紹了SpringBoot 微信消息接口配置詳解,文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值,需要的朋友可以參考下

1.申請測試號，并記錄appID和appsecret

2.關(guān)注測試號

3.添加消息模板

{{topic.DATA}} 
用戶名： {{user.DATA}} 
單車編號：{{car.DATA}} 
鎖定時間：{{date.DATA}} 
{{remark.DATA}}

微信接口配置和代碼

1.添加微信配置文件

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "wechat")
public class WechatConf {
  // 獲取accessToken的接口
  public static final String GET_TOKEN_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=%s&secret=%s";
  // 發(fā)送消息的接口
  public static final String PUSH_MESSAGE_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=%s";
  private String appId;
  private String appsecret;
  // 發(fā)送消息的接口的訪問憑證
  private String accessToken;
  public String getAppId() {
    return appId;
  }
  public void setAppId(String appId) {
    this.appId = appId;
  }
  public String getAppsecret() {
    return appsecret;
  }
  public void setAppsecret(String appsecret) {
    this.appsecret = appsecret;
  }
  public String getAccessToken() {
    return accessToken;
  }

  public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
    this.accessToken = accessToken;
  }
}

這里@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "wechat")注解會報黃，需要導(dǎo)入依賴

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

2.填寫配置文件application.yml

以下兩個值會被注入到WechatConf 中

wechat:
app-id: wxc67a533f22dc2f9c
appsecret: <your appsecret>

3.注入發(fā)送Http請求的對象

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class RestConf {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}

4.后臺調(diào)用微信接口憑證AccessToken的封裝類

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
public class AccessToken {
@JsonProperty("access_token")
private String accessToken;
@JsonProperty("expires_in")
private Long expiresIn;
public String getAccessToken() {
return accessToken;
}
public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {
this.accessToken = accessToken;
}
public Long getExpiresIn() {
return expiresIn;
}
public void setExpiresIn(Long expiresIn) {
this.expiresIn = expiresIn;
}
}

5.使用定時任務(wù)獲取后臺訪問微信接口的憑證AccessToken

注意：需在啟動類上添加開啟定時任務(wù)的注解@EnableScheduling

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.thy.common.AccessToken;
import com.thy.config.WechatConf;
@Component
public class MessageTask {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private WechatConf wechatConf;
/**
* initialDelay: 初始化2s后執(zhí)行第一次
* fixedDelay:微信默認Token過期時間為7200s,這里定時7100s執(zhí)行一次定時任務(wù)
*/
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 2000, fixedDelay = 7100 * 1000)
public void refreshToken() {
// 請求方式: GET
// URL：https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET
// 發(fā)起一個get請求，返回的數(shù)據(jù)json文本，使用json工具將json文本直接轉(zhuǎn)化為Class<?>
AccessToken accessToken = restTemplate.getForObject(
String.format(WechatConf.GET_TOKEN_URL, wechatConf.getAppId(), wechatConf.getAppsecret()),
AccessToken.class);
// 將獲取的accessToken注入wechatConf
wechatConf.setAccessToken(accessToken.getAccessToken());
}
}

6.發(fā)送消息接口的請求參數(shù)的封裝類

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
public class MessageTemplate {
@JsonProperty("touser")
private String toUser;
@JsonProperty("template_id")
private String templateId;
private String url;
private Map<String,String> miniprogram;
private Map<String, Map<String, String>> data = new HashMap<>();
public static Map<String, String> initData(String value, String color) {
HashMap<String, String> data = new HashMap<String, String>();
data.put("value", value);
data.put("color", color);
return data;
}
public String getToUser() {
return toUser;
}
public void setToUser(String toUser) {
this.toUser = toUser;
}
public String getTemplateId() {
return templateId;
}
public void setTemplateId(String templateId) {
this.templateId = templateId;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public Map<String, String> getMiniprogram() {
return miniprogram;
}
public void setMiniprogram(Map<String, String> miniprogram) {
this.miniprogram = miniprogram;
}
public Map<String, Map<String, String>> getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(Map<String, Map<String, String>> data) {
this.data = data;
}
}

7.發(fā)送消息接口的返回值的封裝類

public class Result {
private Integer errcode;
private String errmsg;
private Long msgid;
public Integer getErrcode() {
return errcode;
}
public void setErrcode(Integer errcode) {
this.errcode = errcode;
}
public String getErrmsg() {
return errmsg;
}
public void setErrmsg(String errmsg) {
this.errmsg = errmsg;
}
public Long getMsgid() {
return msgid;
}
public void setMsgid(Long msgid) {
this.msgid = msgid;
}
}

8.消息發(fā)送接口

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.thy.common.MessageTemplate;
import com.thy.common.Result;
import com.thy.config.WechatConf;
import com.thy.pojo.UserCarInfo;
@RestController
public class MessageController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private WechatConf wechatConf;
@RequestMapping("/sendMessage")
public Object sendMessage(@RequestBody UserCarInfo userCarInfo) {
MessageTemplate messageTemplate = new MessageTemplate();
// 設(shè)置模板id
messageTemplate.setTemplateId("othsG1ZD5w9ywTGyV6XCECnY1Q1oAIY5e-NvF94fzAI");
// 設(shè)置接收用戶openId
messageTemplate.setToUser("oUbk_1bVlUGqhMzQHMC_jbkysMgY");
//點擊詳情跳轉(zhuǎn)的地址
messageTemplate.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");
//設(shè)置模板dada參數(shù)
messageTemplate.getData().put("topic", MessageTemplate.initData("您的單車已經(jīng)鎖定成功，騎行請注意安全！\n", ""));
messageTemplate.getData().put("user", MessageTemplate.initData(userCarInfo.getUserName(), "#0000EE"));
messageTemplate.getData().put("car", MessageTemplate.initData(userCarInfo.getCarSn(), "#00CD00"));
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
messageTemplate.getData().put("date", MessageTemplate.initData(simpleDateFormat.format(new Date())+"\n", ""));
messageTemplate.getData().put("remark", MessageTemplate.initData("點擊詳情可查看您的租車信息", ""));
//調(diào)用微信接口，發(fā)送模板消息
Result result = restTemplate.postForObject(String.format(WechatConf.PUSH_MESSAGE_URL, wechatConf.getAccessToken()),
messageTemplate, Result.class);
return result;
}
}

測試

1.運行項目，發(fā)送請求