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解決Python找不到ssl模塊問題 No module named _ssl的方法

更新時(shí)間：2019年04月29日 10:42:27 投稿：zx

這篇文章主要介紹了解決Python找不到ssl模塊問題 No module named _ssl的方法，小編覺得挺不錯(cuò)的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，也給大家做個(gè)參考。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧

python安裝完畢后，提示找不到ssl模塊：

[www@pythontab.com ~]$ python
Python 2.7.15 (default, Oct 23 2018, 18:08:43) 
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/ssl.py", line 60, in <module>
import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagate
ImportError: No module named _ssl
>>>

解決方法：

1. 查看openssl安裝包，發(fā)現(xiàn)缺少openssl-devel包

[www@pythontab.com ~]$ rpm -aq|grep openssl
openssl-0.9.8e-20.el5
openssl-0.9.8e-20.el5
[www@pythontab.com ~]$

2. yum安裝openssl-devel

[www@pythontab.com ~]$ yum install openssl-devel -y
#查看安裝結(jié)果
[www@pythontab.com ~]$ rpm -aq|grep openssl
openssl-devel-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64
openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64

3. 重新編譯python

修改Setup文件

vi /src/Python-2.7.15/Modules/Setup

修改結(jié)果如下：

# Socket module helper for socket(2)
_socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c
# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other
# socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable:
#SSL=/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto

4. 重新編譯

進(jìn)入源碼目錄，重新編譯安裝

[www@pythontab.com ~]$ cd /src/Python-2.7.15/
[www@pythontab.com ~]$ make
[www@pythontab.com ~]$ make install

5. 測(cè)試，已可正常使用。

[www@pythontab.com ~]$ python
Python 2.7.15 (default, Oct 23 2018, 19:08:43)
[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import ssl
>>>

注：如需保留舊版本的就不需要執(zhí)行 6 .7兩部

6 重命名舊版本的python依賴

ll /usr/bin | grep python
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7

7 刪除舊的軟鏈接，創(chuàng)建新的軟鏈接到最新的python

rm -rf /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python
python -V

使用yum命令報(bào)錯(cuò)File "/usr/bin/yum", line 30 except KeyboardInterrupt, e:

問題出現(xiàn)原因：

yum包管理是使用python2.x寫的，將python2.x升級(jí)到python3.1.3以后，由于python版本語法兼容性導(dǎo)致問題出現(xiàn)

解決辦法：

修改yum配置文件，將python版本指向以前的舊版本

# vi /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python2.7
修改urlgrabber-ext-down文件，更改python版本

# vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
#!/usr/bin/python2.7
Could not fetch URL https://pypi.python.org/simple/six/: There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available. - skipping

如需安裝pip

下載相關(guān)文件

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py

執(zhí)行

/usr/local/python/bin/python3 get-pip.py

添加環(huán)境變量

vim ~/.bash_profile

添加下面這條參數(shù)

export PATH=/usr/local/python/bin:$PATH

保存

source ~/.bash_profile

測(cè)試

執(zhí)行

[root@huo ~]# python3
Python 3.6.5 (default, Apr 1 2018, 20:41:34)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

執(zhí)行腳本如下:

vim install_python.sh

#!/bin/bash
echo "正在安裝相關(guān)組件"
yum install -y openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc-c++ gcc openssl-devel
 
echo "下載安裝包"
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz
 
echo "正在解壓安裝包"
tar -xf Python-3.6.5.tgz -C /root/ && cd /root/Python-3.6.5/
 
echo "添加ssl支持"
cat >> /root/Python-3.6.5/Modules/Setup.dist <<"EOF"
_socket socketmodule.c
 
SSL=/usr/local/ssl
_ssl _ssl.c \
-DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
-L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
EOF
 
echo "正在編譯安裝Python"
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python && make && make install
cd /root
 
echo "刪除安裝包"
rm -rf /root/Python-3.6.5.tgz && rm -rf /root/Python-3.6.5
 
echo "正在添加環(huán)境變量"
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/python/bin:$PATH">> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
 
echo "安裝完成,請(qǐng)執(zhí)行python3進(jìn)行測(cè)試"

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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