從Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫中讀取數(shù)據(jù)自動生成INSERT語句的方法

更新時間：2019年04月01日 10:03:35 作者：寒冥冷煜

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Oracle INSERT 語句

方法1

我估計(jì)有點(diǎn) SQL 基礎(chǔ)的人都會寫 INSERT 語句。下面是 SQL 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寫法。

INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name) VALUES (1, 'Zhangsan');
INSERT INTO employees VALUES (1, 'Shangbo');

方法2

其實(shí)， Oracle 還支持下面的寫法，作用和上面的語句完全相同。

INSERT INTO (SELECT employee_id, name FROM employees) VALUES (2, 'Lisi');

方法3

此外，同其他數(shù)據(jù)庫一樣，Oracle 也支持下面這種寫法。

INSERT INTO employees
SELECT 3, 'Wangwu' FROM DUAL;

方法4

下面這種寫法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)列轉(zhuǎn)行，如我們有下面的表存儲原始數(shù)據(jù)，原始數(shù)據(jù)可能從文件中來。

create table sales_input_table (
prod_id    number(9,0),
amt_mon    number(9,6),
amt_tue    number(9,6),
amt_wed    number(9,6),
amt_thu    number(9,6),
amt_fri    number(9,6)
);
insert into sales_input_table values (1, 100.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0);

下面我們通過一個 SQL 把上面的數(shù)據(jù)插入到下面的表中實(shí)現(xiàn)列轉(zhuǎn)行。

CREATE TABLE sales (
prod_id    number(9,0),
time_id    date,
amount     number(9,0)
);
INSERT ALL
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE, amt_mon)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 1, amt_tue)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 2, amt_wed)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 3, amt_thu)
INTO sales (prod_id, time_id, amount) VALUES (prod_id, CURRENT_DATE + 4, amt_fri)
SELECT prod_id, amt_mon, amt_tue, amt_wed, amt_thu, amt_fri FROM sales_input_table;

方法5

下面這種寫法可以幫我們一次性把一個表中的數(shù)據(jù)倒入到多個表中，否則我們必須寫多條 SQL 實(shí)現(xiàn)同樣的功能。

INSERT ALL
WHEN order_total <= 100000 THEN
INTO small_orders
WHEN order_total > 100000 AND order_total <= 200000 THEN
INTO medium_orders
WHEN order_total = 500000 THEN
INTO special_orders
WHEN order_total > 200000 THEN
INTO large_orders
ELSE
INTO large_orders
SELECT order_id, order_total, sales_rep_id, customer_id FROM orders;

注意，當(dāng) order_total 大于 200000 時，orders 會被插入到 large_orders 和 special_orders 中。這可能不是你想要的結(jié)果，如果你只想讓 orders 插入到 special_orders 表中，你只需要把 ALL 替換成 FIRST，如下。

INSERT FIRST
WHEN order_total <= 100000 THEN
INTO small_orders
WHEN order_total > 100000 AND order_total <= 200000 THEN
INTO medium_orders
WHEN order_total = 500000 THEN
INTO special_orders
WHEN order_total > 200000 THEN
INTO large_orders
ELSE
INTO large_orders
SELECT order_id, order_total, sales_rep_id, customer_id FROM orders;

從Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫中讀取數(shù)據(jù)，自動生成INSERT語句

創(chuàng)建表

-- Create table
create table TB_ACCIDENT_TYPE
(
 ID     NUMBER(20) not null,
 NAME    VARCHAR2(50),
 PATH    VARCHAR2(20),
 PARENTPATH VARCHAR2(20),
 URL    VARCHAR2(20),
 TYPE    VARCHAR2(2),
 DESCR   VARCHAR2(50)
)

顯示表中的數(shù)據(jù)

select 'INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES(' || '''' || ID ||'''' || ','
|| '''' || NAME || '''' || ','
|| '''' || PATH || '''' || ','
|| '''' || PARENTPATH || '''' || ','
|| '''' || URL || '''' || ','
|| '''' || TYPE || '''' || ','
|| '''' || DESCR || '''' || ');' 
 From tb_accident_type order by ID

顯示結(jié)果

INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('1','事故類型關(guān)聯(lián) ','1','0','','0','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('2','危險源類型關(guān)聯(lián)','2','0','','','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('3','危險品類型關(guān)聯(lián)','3','0','','','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('4','生產(chǎn)企業(yè)類型關(guān)聯(lián)','4','0','','','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('5','區(qū)域關(guān)聯(lián)','5','0','','0','');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('568','物體打擊','1.1','1','','1','物體打擊');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('569','車輛傷害','1.2','1','','1','車輛傷害');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('570','機(jī)器傷害','1.3','1','','1','機(jī)器傷害');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('571','起重傷害','1.4','1','','1','起重傷害');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('572','觸電','1.5','1','','1','觸電');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('573','淹溺','1.6','1','','1','淹溺');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('574','灼燙','1.7','1','','1','灼燙');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('575','火災(zāi)','1.8','1','','1','火災(zāi)');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('576','高處墜落','1.9','1','','1','高處墜落');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('577','坍塌','1.10','1','','1','坍塌');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('578','冒頂片幫','1.11','1','','1','冒頂片幫');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('580','透水','1.12','1','','1','透水');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('581','波炮','1.13','1','','1','波炮');INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('582','火藥爆炸','1.14','1','','1','火藥爆炸')INSERT INTO tb_accident_type (ID,NAME,PATH,PARENTPATH,URL,TYPE,DESCR)
 VALUES('583','瓦斯爆炸','1.15','1','','1','瓦斯爆炸');

總結(jié)

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