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使用Python編寫Prometheus監(jiān)控的方法

更新時(shí)間：2018年10月15日 16:15:59 作者：數(shù)據(jù)架構(gòu)師

今天小編就為大家分享一篇關(guān)于使用Python編寫Prometheus監(jiān)控的方法，小編覺得內(nèi)容挺不錯(cuò)的，現(xiàn)在分享給大家，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，需要的朋友一起跟隨小編來看看吧

要使用python編寫Prometheus監(jiān)控，需要你先開啟Prometheus集群?？梢詤⒖?a href="http://m.fzitv.net/article/148895.htm">//m.fzitv.net/article/148895.htm 安裝。在python中實(shí)現(xiàn)服務(wù)器端。在Prometheus中配置請(qǐng)求網(wǎng)址，Prometheus會(huì)定期向該網(wǎng)址發(fā)起申請(qǐng)獲取你想要返回的數(shù)據(jù)。

使用Python和Flask編寫Prometheus監(jiān)控

Installation

pip install flask
pip install prometheus_client

Metrics

Prometheus提供4種類型Metrics：Counter, Gauge, Summary和Histogram

Counter

Counter可以增長(zhǎng)，并且在程序重啟的時(shí)候會(huì)被重設(shè)為0，常被用于任務(wù)個(gè)數(shù)，總處理時(shí)間，錯(cuò)誤個(gè)數(shù)等只增不減的指標(biāo)。

import prometheus_client
from prometheus_client import Counter
from prometheus_client.core import CollectorRegistry
from flask import Response, Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
requests_total = Counter("request_count", "Total request cout of the host")
@app.route("/metrics")
def requests_count():
  requests_total.inc()
  # requests_total.inc(2)
  return Response(prometheus_client.generate_latest(requests_total),
          mimetype="text/plain")
@app.route('/')
def index():
  requests_total.inc()
  return "Hello World"
if __name__ == "__main__":
  app.run(host="0.0.0.0")

運(yùn)行該腳本，訪問youhost:5000/metrics

# HELP request_count Total request cout of the host
# TYPE request_count counter
request_count 3.0

Gauge

Gauge與Counter類似，唯一不同的是Gauge數(shù)值可以減少，常被用于溫度、利用率等指標(biāo)。

import random
import prometheus_client
from prometheus_client import Gauge
from flask import Response, Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
random_value = Gauge("random_value", "Random value of the request")
@app.route("/metrics")
def r_value():
  random_value.set(random.randint(0, 10))
  return Response(prometheus_client.generate_latest(random_value),
          mimetype="text/plain")
if __name__ == "__main__":
  app.run(host="0.0.0.0")

運(yùn)行該腳本，訪問youhost:5000/metrics

# HELP random_value Random value of the request
# TYPE random_value gauge
random_value 3.0

Summary/Histogram

Summary/Histogram概念比較復(fù)雜，一般exporter很難用到，暫且不說。

LABELS

使用labels來區(qū)分metric的特征

from prometheus_client import Counter
c = Counter('requests_total', 'HTTP requests total', ['method', 'clientip'])
c.labels('get', '127.0.0.1').inc()
c.labels('post', '192.168.0.1').inc(3)
c.labels(method="get", clientip="192.168.0.1").inc()

使用Python和asyncio編寫Prometheus監(jiān)控

from prometheus_client import Counter, Gauge
from prometheus_client.core import CollectorRegistry
REGISTRY = CollectorRegistry(auto_describe=False)
requests_total = Counter("request_count", "Total request cout of the host", registry=REGISTRY)
random_value = Gauge("random_value", "Random value of the request", registry=REGISTRY)

import prometheus_client
from prometheus_client import Counter,Gauge
from prometheus_client.core import CollectorRegistry
from aiohttp import web
import aiohttp
import asyncio
import uvloop
import random,logging,time,datetime
asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(uvloop.EventLoopPolicy())
routes = web.RouteTableDef()
# metrics包含
requests_total = Counter("request_count", "Total request cout of the host") # 數(shù)值只增
random_value = Gauge("random_value", "Random value of the request") # 數(shù)值可大可小
@routes.get('/metrics')
async def metrics(request):
  requests_total.inc()   # 計(jì)數(shù)器自增
  # requests_total.inc(2)
  data = prometheus_client.generate_latest(requests_total)
  return web.Response(body = data,content_type="text/plain")  # 將計(jì)數(shù)器的值返回
@routes.get("/metrics2")
async def metrics2(request):
  random_value.set(random.randint(0, 10))  # 設(shè)置值任意值，但是一定要為 整數(shù)或者浮點(diǎn)數(shù)
  return web.Response(body = prometheus_client.generate_latest(random_value),content_type="text/plain")  # 將值返回
@routes.get('/')
async def hello(request):
  return web.Response(text="Hello, world")
# 使用labels來區(qū)分metric的特征
c = Counter('requests_total', 'HTTP requests total', ['method', 'clientip']) # 添加lable的key，
c.labels('get', '127.0.0.1').inc()    #為不同的label進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)
c.labels('post', '192.168.0.1').inc(3)   #為不同的label進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)
c.labels(method="get", clientip="192.168.0.1").inc()  #為不同的label進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)
g = Gauge('my_inprogress_requests', 'Description of gauge',['mylabelname'])
g.labels(mylabelname='str').set(3.6)  #value自己定義,但是一定要為 整數(shù)或者浮點(diǎn)數(shù)
if __name__ == '__main__':
  logging.info('server start：%s'% datetime.datetime.now())
  app = web.Application(client_max_size=int(2)*1024**2)  # 創(chuàng)建app，設(shè)置最大接收?qǐng)D片大小為2M
  app.add_routes(routes)   # 添加路由映射
  web.run_app(app,host='0.0.0.0',port=2222)  # 啟動(dòng)app
  logging.info('server close：%s'% datetime.datetime.now())

總結(jié)

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