本文實(shí)例分析了mysql存儲emoji表情報(bào)錯(cuò)的處理方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

utf-8編碼可能2個(gè)字節(jié)、3個(gè)字節(jié)、4個(gè)字節(jié)的字符，但是MySQL的utf8編碼只支持3字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)，而移動(dòng)端的表情數(shù)據(jù)是4個(gè)字節(jié)的字符。如果直接往采用utf-8編碼的數(shù)據(jù)庫中插入表情數(shù)據(jù)，Java程序中將報(bào)SQL異常：

java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: '\xF0\x9F\x92\x94' for column 'name' at row 1
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1073)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3593)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3525)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1986)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2140)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2620)
at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeUpdate(StatementImpl.java:1662)
at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeUpdate(StatementImpl.java:1581)

可以對4字節(jié)的字符進(jìn)行編碼存儲，然后取出來的時(shí)候，再進(jìn)行解碼。但是這樣做會(huì)使得任何使用該字符的地方都要進(jìn)行編碼與解碼。

utf8mb4編碼是utf8編碼的超集，兼容utf8，并且能存儲4字節(jié)的表情字符。
采用utf8mb4編碼的好處是：存儲與獲取數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候，不用再考慮表情字符的編碼與解碼問題。

更改數(shù)據(jù)庫的編碼為utf8mb4:

1. MySQL的版本

utf8mb4的最低mysql版本支持版本為5.5.3+，若不是，請升級到較新版本。

2. MySQL驅(qū)動(dòng)

5.1.34可用,最低不能低于5.1.13

3.修改MySQL配置文件

修改mysql配置文件my.cnf（windows為my.ini）

my.cnf一般在etc/mysql/my.cnf位置。找到后請?jiān)谝韵氯糠掷锾砑尤缦聝?nèi)容：

[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

4. 重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫，檢查變量

collation_connection 、collation_database 、collation_server是什么沒關(guān)系。

但必須保證

這幾個(gè)變量必須是utf8mb4。

5. 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接的配置

數(shù)據(jù)庫連接參數(shù)中:

characterEncoding=utf8會(huì)被自動(dòng)識別為utf8mb4，也可以不加這個(gè)參數(shù)，會(huì)自動(dòng)檢測。

而autoReconnect=true是必須加上的。

6. 將數(shù)據(jù)庫和已經(jīng)建好的表也轉(zhuǎn)換成utf8mb4

更改數(shù)據(jù)庫編碼：

更改表編碼：

如有必要，還可以更改列的編碼

7、在第3步設(shè)置character_set_database，character_set_server不成功的可以試下直接在mysql.exe下

set @@character_set_server='utf8mb4';
set @@character_set_database='utf8mb4';

這下數(shù)據(jù)庫就可以存下emoji表情的編碼了。

附上我的my.ini

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

更多關(guān)于MySQL相關(guān)內(nèi)容感興趣的讀者可查看本站專題：《MySQL存儲過程技巧大全》、《MySQL常用函數(shù)大匯總》、《MySQL日志操作技巧大全》、《MySQL事務(wù)操作技巧匯總》及《MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫鎖相關(guān)技巧匯總》

希望本文所述對大家MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫計(jì)有所幫助。

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