CentOS7安裝mysql5.7解壓縮版簡明教程

更新時(shí)間：2018年03月19日 10:13:14 作者：zl_shitou

這篇文章主要介紹了CentOS7安裝mysql5.7解壓縮版,簡單介紹了CentOS7環(huán)境下的mysql5.7壓縮版下載、解壓、安裝、配置、密碼設(shè)置等相關(guān)命令及操作技巧,需要的朋友可以參考下

本文實(shí)例講述了CentOS7安裝mysql5.7解壓縮版的方法。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：

1.下載安裝包

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads
推薦下載通用安裝方法的TAR包

2.檢查庫文件是否存在，如有刪除。

[root@localhost Desktop]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]$ rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.52.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@localhost ~]$

3.檢查mysql組和用戶是否存在，如無創(chuàng)建。

[root@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/group | grep mysql
mysql:x:490:
[root@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
mysql:x:496:490::/home/mysql:/bin/bash
以上為默認(rèn)存在的情況，如無，執(zhí)行添加命令：
[root@localhost ~]$groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]$useradd -r -g mysql mysql
//useradd -r參數(shù)表示mysql用戶是系統(tǒng)用戶，不可用于登錄系統(tǒng)。

4.解壓TAR包，更改所屬的組和用戶

[root@localhost ~]$ cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]$ tar xvf mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
[root@localhost local]$ ls -l
total 1306432
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 668866560 Jun 1 15:07 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 638960236 Mar 28 12:54 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 29903372 Mar 28 12:48 mysql-test-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost local]$ tar xvfz mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost local]$ mv mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost local]$ ls -l
total 1306436
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root    4096 Dec 2 14:36 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 7161 wheel   4096 Mar 28 12:51 mysql
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root 668866560 Jun 1 15:07 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 638960236 Mar 28 12:54 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 29903372 Mar 28 12:48 mysql-test-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root    4096 Dec 2 14:36 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    4096 Dec 4 2009 src
[root@localhost local]$ chown -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]$ chgrp -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]$ cd mysql/

5.安裝和初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫

[root@localhost mysql]$ bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
2016-06-01 15:23:25 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2016-06-01 15:23:30 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2016-06-01 15:23:30 [WARNING] 2016-06-01T22:23:25.491840Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2016-06-01T22:23:25.492256Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2016-06-01T22:23:25.492260Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

如果改變默認(rèn)安裝路徑，則需要 1）/etc/my.cnf、/etc/init.d/mysqld中修改 basedir='/apps/mysql' datadir='/apps/mysql/data' 2）創(chuàng)建ln mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/bin ln -s /apps/mysql/bin/mysqld /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]$
[root@localhost mysql]$ cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]$ cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]$ cd bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 2932
[root@localhost bin]# 2016-06-01T22:27:09.708557Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
2016-06-01T22:27:09.854913Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@localhost bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL..2016-06-01T22:27:50.498694Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
 SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[1]+ Done          ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql
[root@localhost bin]$
//設(shè)置開機(jī)啟動(dòng)
[root@localhost bin]$ chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@localhost bin]$

6.初始化密碼

mysql5.7會生成一個(gè)初始化密碼，而在之前的版本首次登陸不需要登錄。

[root@localhost bin]$ cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2016-06-01 15:23:25
,xxxxxR5H9
[root@localhost bin]$./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7.添加遠(yuǎn)程訪問權(quán)限

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+-----------+
| host   | user   |
+-----------+-----------+
| %     | root   |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
+-----------+-----------+
//一定要重啟才會生效。
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

遇到的問題：

找不到mysql.sock，mysql.sock丟失問題解決方法

連接Mysql時(shí)，機(jī)器上找不到mysql.sock文件你可以簡單地通過重啟服務(wù)器重新創(chuàng)建得到它。因?yàn)榉?wù)器在啟動(dòng)時(shí)重新創(chuàng)建它。

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
2016-06-26 02:47:09 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2016-06-26 02:47:09 [ERROR]  The data directory needs to be specified.

解決：需要新建data目錄，指定安裝目錄(在非默認(rèn)目錄時(shí)需要指定，默認(rèn)路徑：/usr/local/mysql，同時(shí)需要指定./support-files/mysql.server中的basedir和datadir為相應(yīng)路徑)。

[root@localhost mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/data/
2016-06-26 02:48:47 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2016-06-26 02:49:19 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2016-06-26 02:49:19 [WARNING] 2016-06-26T09:48:50.798592Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2016-06-26T09:48:50.898732Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2016-06-26T09:48:50.898778Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

以上報(bào)錯(cuò)均因未在mysql.server中指定自定義的路徑。

若是還提示已經(jīng)有data文件了刪除了它，新建即可

希望本文所述對大家CentOS服務(wù)器維護(hù)有所幫助。

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