package com.demo.test;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

public class StringDemo {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    //先在內(nèi)存中查找有沒(méi)有這個(gè)字符串對(duì)象存在，如果存在就指向這個(gè)字符串對(duì)象；
    String str1 = "abc";
    String str2 = "abc";
    /*
     public String toString() {
      return this;
     }
     */
    String str3 = "abc".toString();
    //不論內(nèi)存中是否已經(jīng)存在這個(gè)字符串對(duì)象，都會(huì)新建一個(gè)對(duì)象。
    String str4 = new String("abc");
    String str5 = new String("abc");
    String str6 = str5;
    String str7 = "a" + "b" + "c";
    String str8 = "a" + "b" + new String("c");
    //String是不可變字符串對(duì)象，StringBuilder和StringBuffer是可變字符串對(duì)象（其內(nèi)部的字符數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度可變），StringBuffer線程安全，StringBuilder非線程安全
    String str9 = new StringBuilder().append("a").append("b").append("c").toString();
    String str10 = new StringBuffer().append("a").append("b").append("c").toString();

    System.out.println("--------> ==");
    System.out.println("---> 1");
    System.out.println(str1==str2);//true

    System.out.println("---> 3");
    System.out.println(str3==str1);//true

    System.out.println("---> 4");
    System.out.println(str4==str1);//false
    System.out.println(str4==str3);//false
    System.out.println(str4==str5);//false
    System.out.println(str4==str6);//false

    System.out.println("---> 7");
    System.out.println(str7==str1);//true
    System.out.println(str7==str3);//true
    System.out.println(str7==str4);//false

    System.out.println("---> 8");
    System.out.println(str8==str1);//false
    System.out.println(str8==str3);//false
    System.out.println(str8==str4);//false
    System.out.println(str8==str7);//false

    System.out.println("---> 9");
    System.out.println(str9==str1);//false
    System.out.println(str9==str3);//false
    System.out.println(str9==str4);//false
    System.out.println(str9==str7);//false
    System.out.println(str9==str8);//false

    System.out.println("---> 10");
    System.out.println(str10==str1);//false
    System.out.println(str10==str3);//false
    System.out.println(str10==str4);//false
    System.out.println(str10==str7);//false
    System.out.println(str10==str8);//false
    System.out.println(str10==str9);//false

    System.out.println("--------> equals");
    System.out.println(str1.equals(str4));//true
    System.out.println(str1.equals(str7));//true
    System.out.println(str1.equals(str8));//true

    System.out.println("--------> hashCode");
    /*
     hashCode計(jì)算公式: s[0]*31^(n-1) + s[1]*31^(n-2) + ... + s[n-1]
      因此hashCode都是一樣的，而且是每次運(yùn)行都一樣
     */
    System.out.println(str1.hashCode());//96354
    System.out.println(str2.hashCode());
    System.out.println(str3.hashCode());
    System.out.println(str4.hashCode());
    System.out.println(str5.hashCode());
    System.out.println(str6.hashCode());
    System.out.println(str7.hashCode());

    System.out.println("--------> normal change value");
    //String是不可變類，string只是指向堆內(nèi)存中的引用，存儲(chǔ)的是對(duì)象在堆中的地址，而非對(duì)象本身，給string賦值只是改變其引用對(duì)象而非對(duì)象本身
    str6 = "123";
    System.out.println(str5);//abc
    System.out.println(str6);//123

    System.out.println("--------> reflect change value");
    /*
     如果非要改變String的值，也不是不可行。只能使用反射了。
     public final class String implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequence {
       // The value is used for character storage.
       private final char value[];
       ……
     }
    */
    str6 = str5;
    try {
      Field field = String.class.getDeclaredField("value");
//     Field field = str6.getClass().getDeclaredField("value");
      if(!field.isAccessible()) {
        field.setAccessible(true);
      }
      char[] value = (char[])field.get(str6);
      value[0] = '0';
      System.out.println(str5);//0bc
      System.out.println(str6);//0bc
    } catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

    System.out.println("--------> obj.toString()");
    Object obj = new Object();
    /*
    public String toString() {
      return getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(hashCode());
    }
    */
    System.out.println(obj.toString());//java.lang.Object@15db9742

    String[] arr1 = {"0"};
    String[] arr2 = {"0"};
    System.out.println(arr1.equals(arr2));//false
  }
}