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java使用DOM對(duì)XML文檔進(jìn)行增刪改查操作實(shí)例代碼

更新時(shí)間：2018年02月01日 09:41:03 作者：zc2274460

這篇文章主要介紹了java使用DOM對(duì)XML文檔進(jìn)行增刪改查操作實(shí)例代碼，實(shí)例涉及對(duì)xml文檔的增刪改查，小編覺(jué)得還是挺不錯(cuò)的，具有一定借鑒價(jià)值，需要的朋友可以參考下

本文研究的主要是java使用DOM對(duì)XML文檔進(jìn)行增刪改查操作的相關(guān)代碼，具體實(shí)例如下所示。

源代碼：

package com.zc.homeWork18;

import java.io.File;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class XMLWriter {

  private static String xmlPath = "src\\com\\zc\\homeWork18\\MyXml.xml";

  public static void getFamilyMemebers() {

  /*
     * 創(chuàng)建文件工廠實(shí)例
     */
    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    // 如果創(chuàng)建的解析器在解析XML文檔時(shí)必須刪除元素內(nèi)容中的空格，則為true，否則為false
    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);

    try {
      /*
       * 創(chuàng)建文件對(duì)象
       */
      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();// 創(chuàng)建解析器，解析XML文檔
      Document doc = db.parse(xmlPath); // 使用dom解析xml文件

      /*
       * 歷遍列表，進(jìn)行XML文件的數(shù)據(jù)提取
       */
      // 根據(jù)節(jié)點(diǎn)名稱來(lái)獲取所有相關(guān)的節(jié)點(diǎn)
      NodeList sonlist = doc.getElementsByTagName("son");
      for (int i = 0; i < sonlist.getLength(); i++) // 循環(huán)處理對(duì)象
      {
        // 節(jié)點(diǎn)屬性的處理
        Element son = (Element) sonlist.item(i);
        // 循環(huán)節(jié)點(diǎn)son內(nèi)的所有子節(jié)點(diǎn)
        for (Node node = son.getFirstChild(); node != null; node = node
            .getNextSibling()) {
          // 判斷是否為元素節(jié)點(diǎn)
          if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
            String name = node.getNodeName();
            String value = node.getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
            System.out.println(name + " : " + value);
          }
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  // 修改
  public static void modifySon() {
    // 創(chuàng)建文件工廠實(shí)例
    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
    try {
      // 從XML文檔中獲取DOM文檔實(shí)例
      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
      // 獲取Document對(duì)象
      Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);

      // 獲取根節(jié)點(diǎn)
      Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
      // 定位id為001的節(jié)點(diǎn)
      Element per = (Element) selectSingleNode("/father/son[@id='001']",
          root);
      // 將age節(jié)點(diǎn)的內(nèi)容更改為28
      per.getElementsByTagName("age").item(0).setTextContent("28");
      // 保存
      TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
      Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();
      former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(
          xmlPath)));
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  // 獲取目標(biāo)節(jié)點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行刪除，最后保存
  public static void discardSon() {

    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);

    try {

      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
      Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);
      // 獲取根節(jié)點(diǎn)
      Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
      // 定位根節(jié)點(diǎn)中的id=002的節(jié)點(diǎn)
      Element son = (Element) selectSingleNode("/father/son[@id='002']",
          root);
      // 刪除該節(jié)點(diǎn)
      root.removeChild(son);
      // 保存
      TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
      Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();
      former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(
          xmlPath)));

    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  // 新增節(jié)點(diǎn)
  public static void createSon() {
    // 創(chuàng)建文件工廠實(shí)例
    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(false);

    try {

      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
      // 創(chuàng)建Document對(duì)象
      Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);
      // 獲取根節(jié)點(diǎn)
      Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
      // 創(chuàng)建節(jié)點(diǎn)son，設(shè)置對(duì)應(yīng)的id為004
      Element son = xmldoc.createElement("son");
      son.setAttribute("id", "004");
      // 創(chuàng)建節(jié)點(diǎn)name
      Element name = xmldoc.createElement("name");
      name.setTextContent("小兒子");
      son.appendChild(name);
      // 創(chuàng)建節(jié)點(diǎn)age
      Element age = xmldoc.createElement("age");
      age.setTextContent("0");
      son.appendChild(age);
      // 把son添加到根節(jié)點(diǎn)中
      root.appendChild(son);
      // 保存
      TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
      Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();
      former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(
          xmlPath)));

    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }
  }

  // 修改節(jié)點(diǎn)信息
  public static Node selectSingleNode(String express, Element source) {
    Node result = null;
    //創(chuàng)建XPath工廠
    XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
    //創(chuàng)建XPath對(duì)象
    XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath();
    try {
      result = (Node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODE);
      System.out.println(result);
    } catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
      System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    }

    return result;
  }

  // 打印
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    getFamilyMemebers();
    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    modifySon();
    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    System.out.println("修改數(shù)據(jù)");
    getFamilyMemebers();
    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    discardSon();
    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    System.out.println("刪除數(shù)據(jù)");
    getFamilyMemebers();
    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    createSon();
    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");
    System.out.println("添加數(shù)據(jù)");
    getFamilyMemebers();
  }
}

XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<father>
  <son id="001">
    <name>老大</name>
    <age>20</age>
  </son>
  <son id="002">
    <name>老二</name>
    <age>18</age>
  </son>
  <son id="003">
    <name>老三</name>
    <age>13</age>
  </son>

</father>

總結(jié)

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