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Python 查看文件的讀寫權(quán)限方法

更新時(shí)間：2018年01月23日 15:42:17 作者：_Black鐵木真

下面小編就為大家分享一篇Python 查看文件的讀寫權(quán)限方法，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過(guò)來(lái)看看吧

實(shí)例如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @author flynetcn
import sys, os, pwd, stat, datetime;
LOG_FILE = '/var/log/checkDirPermission.log';
nginxWritableDirs = [
'/var/log/nginx',
'/usr/local/www/var',
];
otherReadableDirs = [
'/var/log/nginx',
'/usr/local/www/var/log',
];
dirs = [];
files = [];
def logger(level, str):
	logFd = open(LOG_FILE, 'a');
	logFd.write(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')+": "+("WARNING " if level else "NOTICE ")+str);
	logFd.close();
def walktree(top, callback):
	for f in os.listdir(top):
		pathname = os.path.join(top, f);
		mode = os.stat(pathname).st_mode;
		if stat.S_ISDIR(mode):
			callback(pathname, True);
			walktree(pathname, callback);
		elif stat.S_ISREG(mode):
			callback(pathname, False);
		else:
			logger(1, "walktree skipping %s\n" % (pathname));
def collectPath(path, isDir=False):
	if isDir:
		dirs.append(path);
	else:
		files.append(path);
	
def checkNginxWritableDirs(paths):
	uid = pwd.getpwnam('nginx').pw_uid;
	gid = pwd.getpwnam('nginx').pw_gid;
	for d in paths:
		dstat = os.stat(d);
		if dstat.st_uid != uid:
			try:
				os.chown(d, uid, gid);
			except:
				logger(1, "chown(%s, nginx, nginx) failed\n" % (d));
def checkOtherReadableDirs(paths, isDir=False):
	for d in paths:
		dstat = os.stat(d);
		if isDir:
			checkMode = 5;
			willBeMode = dstat.st_mode | stat.S_IROTH | stat.S_IXOTH;
		else:
			checkMode = 4;
			willBeMode = dstat.st_mode | stat.S_IROTH;
		if int(oct(dstat.st_mode)[-1:]) & checkMode != checkMode:
			try:
					os.chmod(d, willBeMode);
			except:
				logger(1, "chmod(%s, %d) failed\n" % (d, oct(willBeMode)));
if __name__ == "__main__":
	for d in nginxWritableDirs:
		walktree(d, collectPath)
	dirs = dirs + files;
	checkNginxWritableDirs(dirs);
	dirs = [];
	files = [];
	for d in otherReadableDirs:
		walktree(d, collectPath)
	checkOtherReadableDirs(dirs, True);
	checkOtherReadableDirs(files, False);

os.chmod(path,mode) 這個(gè)方法應(yīng)該很簡(jiǎn)單，只需要2個(gè)參數(shù)，一個(gè)是路徑，一個(gè)是說(shuō)明路徑的模式，下面列出了這個(gè)用法中可以使用的一些常用的模式：

stat.S_ISUID: Set user ID on execution. 不常用

stat.S_ISGID: Set group ID on execution. 不常用

stat.S_ENFMT: Record locking enforced. 不常用

stat.S_ISVTX: Save text image after execution. 在執(zhí)行之后保存文字和圖片

stat.S_IREAD: Read by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者讀的權(quán)限

stat.S_IWRITE: Write by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者寫的權(quán)限

stat.S_IEXEC: Execute by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

stat.S_IRWXU: Read, write, and execute by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者讀寫執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

stat.S_IRUSR: Read by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者讀的權(quán)限

stat.S_IWUSR: Write by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者寫的權(quán)限

stat.S_IXUSR: Execute by owner. 對(duì)于擁有者執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

stat.S_IRWXG: Read, write, and execute by group. 對(duì)于同組的人讀寫執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group. 對(duì)于同組讀的權(quán)限

stat.S_IWGRP: Write by group. 對(duì)于同組寫的權(quán)限

stat.S_IXGRP: Execute by group. 對(duì)于同組執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

stat.S_IRWXO: Read, write, and execute by others. 對(duì)于其他組讀寫執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

stat.S_IROTH: Read by others. 對(duì)于其他組讀的權(quán)限

stat.S_IWOTH: Write by others. 對(duì)于其他組寫的權(quán)限

stat.S_IXOTH: Execute by others. 對(duì)于其他組執(zhí)行的權(quán)限

>>> os.stat('test')
posix.stat_result(st_mode=33204, st_ino=93328670, st_dev=18L, st_nlink=1, st_uid=30448, st_gid=1000, st_size=0, st_atime=1445932321, st_mtime=1445932321, st_ctime=1445932321)
>>> os.stat('test').st_mode
33204
>>> oct(os.stat('test').st_mode)
'0100664'
>>> oct(os.stat('test').st_mode)[-3:]
'664'

以上這篇Python 查看文件的讀寫權(quán)限方法就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望能給大家一個(gè)參考，也希望大家多多支持腳本之家。

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