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C語言非遞歸后序遍歷二叉樹

更新時間：2021年09月07日 11:11:37 作者：數(shù)星星的咚咚咚

這篇文章主要為大家詳細介紹了C語言非遞歸后序遍歷二叉樹，文中示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，具有一定的參考價值，感興趣的小伙伴們可以參考一下

本文實例為大家分享了C語言非遞歸后序遍歷二叉樹的具體代碼，供大家參考，具體內(nèi)容如下

法一：實現(xiàn)思路：一個棧先按根->右子樹->左子樹的順序訪問二叉樹。訪問時不輸出。另一個棧存入前一個棧只進棧的結(jié)點。

最后輸出后一個棧的結(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
typedef struct TreeNode{
  char element;
  struct TreeNode *left,*right;
}Tree,*BTree;
typedef struct StackNode{
  BTree data;
  struct StackNode *next;
}Stack,*PStack;
typedef struct{
  PStack top; 
}LinkStack,*PLinkStack;
//初始化空棧
PLinkStack Init_Stack(void){
  PLinkStack S;
  S=(PLinkStack)malloc(sizeof(LinkStack));
  if(S){
    S->top=NULL;
  }
  return S;
}
//壓棧
void Push_Stack(PLinkStack S,BTree T){
  PStack p;
  p=(PStack)malloc(sizeof(Stack));
  p->data=T;
  p->next=S->top;
  S->top=p;
}
//判空
int empty_Stack(PLinkStack S){
  if(S->top){
    return 0;
  }else{
    return 1;
  }
}
//出棧
PStack Pop_Stack(PLinkStack S){
  PStack q; 
  if(empty_Stack(S)){
    return S->top;
  }else{
    q=S->top;
    S->top=S->top->next;
  }
  return q;  
}
//銷毀棧
void DestroyStack(PLinkStack S){
  PStack del; 
  while(S->top!=NULL){
    del=S->top;
    S->top=S->top->next;
    free(del);
  }
  free(S);
} 
BTree BuildTree(void){
  char ch;
  BTree node;
  ch=getchar();
  if(ch=='#'){
    node=NULL;
  }else{
    node=(BTree)malloc(sizeof(Tree));
    node->element=ch;
    node->left=BuildTree();
    node->right=BuildTree();
  }
  return node;
}
void NotRecursionPostOrder(BTree T){
  PLinkStack S,CS;
  S=Init_Stack();
  CS=Init_Stack();
  while(T || !empty_Stack(S)){
    if(T){
      Push_Stack(S,T);
      Push_Stack(CS,T);
      T=T->right;
    }else{
      T=Pop_Stack(S)->data;
      T=T->left;
    }
  }
  while(CS->top!=NULL){
    printf("%c",CS->top->data->element);
    CS->top=CS->top->next;
  }
  DestroyStack(CS);
}
int main(void){
  BTree T;
  T=BuildTree();
  NotRecursionPostOrder(T);
  return 0;
}

法二：實現(xiàn)思路。按先序遍歷訪問每一個結(jié)點。存入棧中，當(dāng)為空時，就出立即棧（第一次出棧）。出棧后應(yīng)該立即進棧，去訪問進棧結(jié)點的右結(jié)點，這樣可以保證先輸出左、右結(jié)點，再輸出根結(jié)點。二次進棧利用flag標記。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
typedef struct TreeNode {
  char element;
  int flag;
  struct TreeNode *left, *right;
}Tree, *BTree;
typedef struct StackNode {
  BTree data;
  struct StackNode *next;
}Stack, *PStack;
typedef struct {
  PStack top;
}LinkStack, *PLinkStack;
//初始化空棧
PLinkStack Init_Stack(void) {
  PLinkStack S = (PLinkStack)malloc(sizeof(LinkStack));
  if (S) {
    S->top = NULL;
  }
  return S;
}
//壓棧
void Push_Stack(PLinkStack S, BTree T) {
  PStack p;
  p = (PStack)malloc(sizeof(Stack));
  p->data = T;
  p->next = S->top;
  S->top = p;
}
//判空
int empty_Stack(PLinkStack S) {
  if (S->top) {
    return 0;
  }
  else {
    return 1;
  }
}
//出棧
PStack Pop_Stack(PLinkStack S) {
  PStack q = S->top;
  S->top = S->top->next;
  return q;
}
BTree BuildTree(void) {
  BTree t;
  char ch;
  ch = getchar();
  if (ch == '#') {
    t = NULL;
  }
  else {
    t = (BTree)malloc(sizeof(Tree));
    t->element = ch;
    t->left = BuildTree();
    t->right = BuildTree();
  }
  return t;
}
void DestroyStack(PLinkStack S){
  PStack p;
  while(S->top){
    p=S->top;
    free(p);
    S->top=S->top->next;
  }
} 
void NotRecursionPostOrder(BTree T) {
  PLinkStack S;
  S = Init_Stack();
  while (T || !empty_Stack(S)) {
    if (T) {
      T->flag = 0;
      Push_Stack(S, T);
      T = T->left;
    }
    else {
      T = Pop_Stack(S)->data;
      if (T->flag == 0) {
        T->flag = 1;
        Push_Stack(S, T);
        T = T->right;
      }
      else {
        if (T->flag == 1) {
          printf("%c", T->element);
          T = NULL;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  DestroyStack(S);//銷毀棧 
}
int main(void) {
  BTree T;
  T = BuildTree();
  NotRecursionPostOrder(T);
  return 0;
}