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Java實現(xiàn)表單提交（支持多文件同時上傳）

更新時間：2017年01月11日 15:30:36 作者：Ajava攻城師

本文介紹了Java、Android實現(xiàn)表單提交（支持多文件同時上傳）的方法，具有一定的參考價值，下面跟著小編一起來看下吧

在Android里面或者J2EE后臺需要趴別人網(wǎng)站數(shù)據(jù)，模擬表單提交是一件很常見的事情，但是在Android里面要實現(xiàn)多文件上傳，還要夾著普通表單字段上傳，這下可能就有點費勁了，今天花時間整理了一個工具類，主要是借助于HttpClient，其實也很簡單，看一下代碼就非常清楚了

HttpClient工具類：

HttpClientUtil.java

package cn.com.ajava.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * HttpClient工具類
 * 
 * @author 曾繁添
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class HttpClientUtil
{
 public final static String Method_POST = "POST";
 public final static String Method_GET = "GET";
 /**
 * multipart/form-data類型的表單提交
 * 
 * @param form
 *  表單數(shù)據(jù)
 */
 public static String submitForm(MultipartForm form)
 {
 // 返回字符串
 String responseStr = "";
 // 創(chuàng)建HttpClient實例
 HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
 try
 {
  // 實例化提交請求
  HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(form.getAction());
  // 創(chuàng)建MultipartEntityBuilder
  MultipartEntityBuilder entityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
  // 追加普通表單字段
  Map<String, String> normalFieldMap = form.getNormalField();
  for (Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iterator = normalFieldMap.entrySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
  {
  Entry<String, String> entity = iterator.next();
  entityBuilder.addPart(entity.getKey(), new StringBody(entity.getValue(), ContentType.create("text/plain", Consts.UTF_8)));
  }
  // 追加文件字段
  Map<String, File> fileFieldMap = form.getFileField();
  for (Iterator<Entry<String, File>> iterator = fileFieldMap.entrySet().iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
  {
  Entry<String, File> entity = iterator.next();
  entityBuilder.addPart(entity.getKey(), new FileBody(entity.getValue()));
  }
  // 設(shè)置請求實體
  httpPost.setEntity(entityBuilder.build());
  // 發(fā)送請求
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
  int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  // 取得響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)
  HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
  if (200 == statusCode)
  {
  if (resEntity != null)
  {
   responseStr = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
  }
  }
 } catch (Exception e)
 {
  System.out.println("提交表單失敗，原因：" + e.getMessage());
 } finally
 {
  httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
 }
 return responseStr;
 }
 /** 表單字段Bean */
 public class MultipartForm implements Serializable
 {
 /** 序列號 */
 private static final long serialVersionUID = -2138044819190537198L;
 /** 提交URL **/
 private String action = "";
 /** 提交方式：POST/GET **/
 private String method = "POST";
 /** 普通表單字段 **/
 private Map<String, String> normalField = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
 /** 文件字段 **/
 private Map<String, File> fileField = new LinkedHashMap<String, File>();
 public String getAction()
 {
  return action;
 }
 public void setAction(String action)
 {
  this.action = action;
 }
 public String getMethod()
 {
  return method;
 }
 public void setMethod(String method)
 {
  this.method = method;
 }
 public Map<String, String> getNormalField()
 {
  return normalField;
 }
 public void setNormalField(Map<String, String> normalField)
 {
  this.normalField = normalField;
 }
 public Map<String, File> getFileField()
 {
  return fileField;
 }
 public void setFileField(Map<String, File> fileField)
 {
  this.fileField = fileField;
 }
 public void addFileField(String key, File value)
 {
  fileField.put(key, value);
 }
 public void addNormalField(String key, String value)
 {
  normalField.put(key, value);
 }
 }
}

服務(wù)器端實現(xiàn)文件上傳、并且讀取參數(shù)方法：（借助于Apache的fileupload組件實現(xiàn)，實現(xiàn)了獲取表單action后面直接拼接參數(shù)、表單普通項目、文件項目三種字段獲取方法）

后臺我就直接寫了一個Servlet，具體代碼如下：

ServletUploadFile.java

package cn.com.ajava.servlet;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
/**
 * 文件上傳Servlet
 * @author 曾繁添
 */
public class ServletUploadFile extends HttpServlet
{
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 // 限制文件的上傳大小 1G
 private int maxPostSize = 1000 * 1024 * 10;
 public ServletUploadFile()
 {
 super();
 }
 @Override
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
 IOException
 {
 doPost(request, response);
 }
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
 IOException
 {
 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
 String contextPath = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
 String webDir = "uploadfile" + File.separator + "images" + File.separator;
 String systemPath = request.getContextPath();
 String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()+ systemPath + "/";
 request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
 try
 {
 DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
 factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 4); // 設(shè)置寫入大小
 ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
 upload.setSizeMax(maxPostSize); // 設(shè)置文件上傳最大大小
 System.out.println(request.getContentType());
 //獲取action后面拼接的參數(shù)(如：http://www.baidu.com?q=android)
 Enumeration enumList = request.getParameterNames();
 while(enumList.hasMoreElements()){
 String key = (String)enumList.nextElement();
 String value = request.getParameter(key);
 System.out.println(key+"="+value);
 }
 //獲取提交表單項目
 List listItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
 Iterator iterator = listItems.iterator();
 while (iterator.hasNext())
 {
 FileItem item = (FileItem) iterator.next();
 //非普通表單項目
 if (!item.isFormField())
 {
  //獲取擴展名
  String ext = item.getName().substring(item.getName().lastIndexOf("."), item.getName().length());
  String fileName = System.currentTimeMillis() + ext;
  File dirFile = new File(contextPath + webDir + fileName);
  if (!dirFile.exists())
  {
  dirFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
  }
  item.write(dirFile);
  System.out.println("fileName：" + item.getName() + "=====" + item.getFieldName() + " size： "+ item.getSize());
  System.out.println("文件已保存到： " + contextPath + webDir + fileName);
  //響應(yīng)客戶端請求
  out.print(basePath + webDir.replace("\\", "/") + fileName);
  out.flush();
 }else{
  //普通表單項目
  System.out.println("表單普通項目："+item.getFieldName()+"=" + item.getString("UTF-8"));// 顯示表單內(nèi)容。item.getString("UTF-8")可以保證中文內(nèi)容不亂碼
 }
 }
 } catch (Exception e)
 {
 e.printStackTrace();
 } finally
 {
 out.close();
 }
 }
}

工具類、服務(wù)器端代碼上面都貼出來了，具體怎么調(diào)用應(yīng)該就不需要說了吧？封裝的已經(jīng)夠清晰明了了

調(diào)用示例DEMO：

//創(chuàng)建HttpClientUtil實例
HttpClientUtil httpClient = new HttpClientUtil();
MultipartForm form = httpClient.new MultipartForm();
//設(shè)置form屬性、參數(shù)
form.setAction("http://192.168.1.7:8080/UploadFileDemo/cn/com/ajava/servlet/ServletUploadFile");
File photoFile = new File(sddCardPath+"http://data//me.jpg");
form.addFileField("photo", photoFile);
form.addNormalField("name", "曾繁添");
form.addNormalField("tel", "15122946685");
//提交表單
HttpClientUtil.submitForm(form);

最后說明一下jar問題：

要是android里面應(yīng)用的話，需要注意一下額外引入httpmime-4.3.1.jar（我當(dāng)時下的這個是最高版本了），至于fileUpload的jar，直接去apache官網(wǎng)下載吧

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容，希望本文的內(nèi)容對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作能帶來一定的幫助，同時也希望多多支持腳本之家！

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